Wavelength multiplexing multiple-image encryption using cascaded phase-only masks in the Fresnel transform domain

Chang, Hsuan; Hwang, Hone‐Ene; Lee, Cheng‐Ling; Lee, Mn-Ta

doi:10.1364/ao.50.000710

Cited by 72 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…3,[5][6][7][8] MIE based on wavelength multiplexing was to synthesize the final image by superimposing individual encrypted images together. This encryption strategy was time-consuming and sensitive to cross talk noise from adjacent images.…”

Section: Multiple Image Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple image encryption by phase retrieval

Kang

Liu

et al. 2016

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. Multiple image encryption (MIE) was proposed to increase the efficiency of encrypting images by processing several images simultaneously. Because of the advantage of optical technology in processing twodimensional images at high throughput, MIE has been significantly improved by use of methods originating from optics. Phase retrieval was the process of algorithmically finding solutions to the phase loss problem due to light detectors only capturing the intensity. It was to retrieve phase information for the determination of a structure from diffraction data. Error-reduction algorithm is a typical phase retrieval method. Here, we employ it to illustrate that methods in phase retrieval are able to encrypt multiple images and compress them into encrypted data simultaneously. Moreover, the decryption is also designed to handle multiple images at the same time. The whole process including both the encryption and decryption is proposed to improve MIE with respect to the compression and efficiency. The feasibility and encryption of the MIE scheme is demonstrated with encryption experiments under Gaussian white noise and unauthorized access.

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Section: Multiple Image Encryptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple image encryption by phase retrieval

Kang

Liu

et al. 2016

Opt. Eng

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“…In addition, the encryption capacity is also limited in these encryption methods. To overcome the cross-talk problem and increase encryption capacity, many improved multiple-image encryption techniques have been proposed [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In the encryption process of these improved methods, all images to be encrypted are required to be encoded separately into one or more phase-only masks with all kinds of phase retrieval algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical multiple-image encryption based on fully phase encoding and interference

Deng

Wen

2015

Optik

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“…Hwang et al 22 proposed a multiple-image encryption and multiplexing approach based on a modified GerchbergSaxton algorithm (MGSA) in the FrT domain, which reduces the cross-talks significantly. Chang et al 23,24 also suggested the position multiplexing encryption using cascaded phaseonly masks based on the MGSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric double-image encryption method by using iterative phase retrieval algorithm in fractional Fourier transform domain

Sui

Ning

et al. 2014

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. A double-image encryption scheme is proposed based on an asymmetric technique, in which the encryption and decryption processes are different and the encryption keys are not identical to the decryption ones. First, a phase-only function (POF) of each plain image is retrieved by using an iterative process and then encoded into an interim matrix. Two interim matrices are directly modulated into a complex image by using the convolution operation in the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) domain. Second, the complex image is encrypted into the gray scale ciphertext with stationary white-noise distribution by using the FrFT. In the encryption process, three random phase functions are used as encryption keys to retrieve the POFs of plain images. Simultaneously, two decryption keys are generated in the encryption process, which make the optical implementation of the decryption process convenient and efficient. The proposed encryption scheme has high robustness to various attacks, such as brute-force attack, known plaintext attack, cipher-only attack, and specific attack. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity and security of the proposed method. IntroductionWith the rapid popularity of computer networks, images as an effective carrier of information have been widely used in various fields of modern society and image encryption issues have become an important field for information security. Since Refregier and Javidi 1 proposed the classical optical double-random phase encoding (DRPE) technique, many optical encryption and authentication systems in Fourier transform (FT), Fresnel transform (FrT), fractional Fourier transform (FrFT), and gyrator transform (GT) domains have been proposed during the past decades.2-11 Moreover, Alfalou and Brosseau 12 pointed out that these techniques can be used for compression operations simultaneously. Though most reported optical encryption techniques based on DRPE have the excellent parallel and multidimensional capability of signal processing, it should be pointed out that these schemes belong to the category of symmetric cryptosystems, where the keys in the encryption process are used for decryption. Some research investigations indicate that these schemes are vulnerable to the conventional attacks because of the inherently linear property of mathematical or optical transformation. [13][14][15] In order to resist these attacks, Qin and Peng 16 proposed an asymmetric encryption based on the phase-truncated Fourier transform (PTFT), where the decryption keys are different from the encryption keys and the linearity of the cryptosystem is broken by using the nonlinear operation of phase truncation.

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Wavelength multiplexing multiple-image encryption using cascaded phase-only masks in the Fresnel transform domain

Cited by 72 publications

References 27 publications

Multiple image encryption by phase retrieval

Multiple image encryption by phase retrieval

Optical multiple-image encryption based on fully phase encoding and interference

Asymmetric double-image encryption method by using iterative phase retrieval algorithm in fractional Fourier transform domain

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