Waveguide couplers with new power splitting ratios made possible by cascading of short multimode interference sections

Feng, David Jui-Yang; Lay, T. S.; Chang, T. Y.

doi:10.1364/oe.15.001588

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Outputs are symmetrical, a maximum in cross output coincides with a minimum in bar output, and the optical power at each port can be adjusted modifying . A compact solution can be realized using Multi Mode Interference (MMI) splitter for the tap [11] and 3 dB MMI couplers [12] in the MZI. The MMI operation is based on the property of self image of the light propagation in planar waweguides.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tap-and-2-Split Switch Design Based on Integrated Optics for Light-Tree Routing in WDM Networks

Fernandez¹,

Vázquez²,

Lallana³

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-This paper presents a novel cost-effective multicastcapable optical cross connect (MC-OXC) node architecture that features both tap-and-continue and tap-and-binary-split functionality. This architecture provides an interesting balance between simplicity, power efficiency and overall wavelength consumption with respect to models based on TaC (Tap and Continue) or SaD (Split-and-Delivery). The main component of this node is a novel Tap-and-2-Split Switch (Ta2S). In this paper, we propose and analyse an implementation of this switch based on integrated optics (namely, MMI taps and MZI switches), and we characterize and compare it with other alternatives implemented with the same technology. The study shows that, thanks to the presented Ta2S design, the 2-Split Tap Continue (2STC) node scales better in terms of number of components than the other alternatives. Moreover, it is more power efficient than the SaD design and requires less wavelengths than TaC thanks to the binary split capability. On the other hand, simulation results reveal that the 2-split condition does not add a significant additional wavelength consumption in usual network topologies with respect to SaD.Index Terms-All-optical multicast routing, light-trees, multicast node architectures, splitters, wavelength routed multicast.

show abstract

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) where is the beat length, is the MMI width, is the vacuum wavelength and is the effective refractive index of the waveguide [11], [12]. Simulations using the Beam Propagation Method (BPM) at nm were carried out in order to show the operation principle.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tap-and-2-Split Switch Design Based on Integrated Optics for Light-Tree Routing in WDM Networks

Fernandez¹,

Vázquez²,

Lallana³

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The multimode interference (MMI) splitter [13] is an important component to realize many functions, such as beam splitter [14], add-drop multiplexing [15], ratio controllable splitter [16], and so on [17][18][19]. Recently, a mid-infrared MMI splitter was reported based on Germanium-on-Silicon (GeOS) rib waveguide [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-compact and broadband tunable mid-infrared tapered multimode interference splitter based on graphene plasmonic waveguide

Zheng

Gao

Dong

2015

Asia Communications and Photonics Conference 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose and design an ultra-compact and broadband tunable multimode interference (MMI) splitter in mid-infrared based on graphene plasmonic waveguides. The size of the device is only 0.56μm×1.2μm, which corresponds to device area of only about 0.014λ 2 , where λ is the vacuum wavelength. And the center wavelength of the device can be tuned in a broad band from 7μm to 9μm with the Fermi level of graphene varied from 0.5eV to 1eV. Furthermore, the device is easy to be fabricated on chip.

show abstract

“…However, the conventional MMI power splitter with two output ports can only obtain splitting ratios of 100∶0, 85∶15, 72∶28, and 50∶50 through adjusting the position of input and output ports [8,9]. Several methods have been reported aiming at an arbitrary-ratio MMI power splitter, such as butterfly-like MMI splitters [10], bent MMI splitters [11,12], MMI with computer-generated planar holograms [13,14], cascaded MMI couplers with unequal width [15][16][17], MMI splitter with cladding-filled gap [18], and multiple-arm MZI consisting of an active phase-shifting region placed between two MMI couplers [19]. However, all these methods suffer from relatively complex structures and large footprints.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbitrary-ratio 1 × 2 power splitter based on asymmetric multimode interference

Deng

Liu

et al. 2014

Opt. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Free choice of splitting ratio is one of the main properties of a power splitter required in integrated photonics, but conventional multimode interference (MMI) power splitters can only obtain a few discrete ratios. This Letter presents both numerical and experimental results of an arbitrary-ratio 1 × 2 MMI power splitter, which is constructed by simply breaking the symmetry of the multimode region. In the new device, the power splitting ratio can be adjusted continuously from 100∶0 to 50∶50, while the dimension of the multimode section stays in the range of 1.5 × 1.8-2.8 μm. The experimental data also indicate that the proposed arbitrary-ratio splitter keeps the original advantages of MMI devices, such as low excess loss, weak wavelength dependence, and large fabrication tolerance. [5,6], and ladder-type optical filters [7]. However, the conventional MMI power splitter with two output ports can only obtain splitting ratios of 100∶0, 85∶15, 72∶28, and 50∶50 through adjusting the position of input and output ports [8,9]. Several methods have been reported aiming at an arbitrary-ratio MMI power splitter, such as butterfly-like MMI splitters [10], bent MMI splitters [11,12], MMI with computer-generated planar holograms [13,14], cascaded MMI couplers with unequal width [15][16][17], MMI splitter with cladding-filled gap [18], and multiple-arm MZI consisting of an active phase-shifting region placed between two MMI couplers [19]. However, all these methods suffer from relatively complex structures and large footprints. In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact arbitrary-ratio 1 × 2 power splitter based on a simple asymmetric MMI structure. The schematic of the conventional symmetric 1 × 2 MMI power splitter is shown in Fig. 1(a). TE-polarized light is, through the single-mode input waveguide (WG in ), transmitted to the multimode region, where MMI is excited. Then, the light is tapered into two single-mode output waveguides (WG up and WG bot ) symmetrically at the first two-fold image distance. Due to the structural symmetry, the splitter only allows uniform split of the incident light into two output waveguides, as indicated in the energy flux density Even though these corners contain little optical field, removing one of them will break the symmetry of interference, in accordance with the self-imaging principle [20]. Such asymmetric MMI, excited by asymmetric perturbation in the multimode region, will have a significantly different optical field distribution.The proposed asymmetric MMI power splitter is shown in Fig. 1(b). Compared to the conventional symmetric power splitter, the only difference is that the symmetry of the multimode region is broken by removing its bottom left corner (marked with a red dashed rectangle). Such a minor structural change causes a dramatic redistribution of the optical field [ Figs. 1(e), 1(f), 1(i), and 1(j)]. If the output waveguides are also located at the position of the first two-fold image, the power output from WG up will be greater than that from WG ...

show abstract

Waveguide couplers with new power splitting ratios made possible by cascading of short multimode interference sections

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Tap-and-2-Split Switch Design Based on Integrated Optics for Light-Tree Routing in WDM Networks

Tap-and-2-Split Switch Design Based on Integrated Optics for Light-Tree Routing in WDM Networks

Ultra-compact and broadband tunable mid-infrared tapered multimode interference splitter based on graphene plasmonic waveguide

Arbitrary-ratio 1 × 2 power splitter based on asymmetric multimode interference

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About