Wave propagation on networks of probabilistic inverter cells

Abstract

Three types of networks, neighbor-coupled, all-coupled, and cross-coupled networks, are analyzed numerically or analytically. Inverter cells organizing these networks are built of quantum effect devices. In this paper, single-electron tunneling junctions are adopted to build the cells and their probability distribution of switching delay is approximated to exponential distribution. Although neighbor-coupled networks are simple in structure, their wave propagation mode depends on the scale of the network, which may be a disadvantage in the application to clock delivery. All-coupled networks take only a single-mode. However, period of wave circulation on the networks depends on network scale. Nearest-neighbor cross-coupling is found to be a technique to mitigate the problems of the former two types of networks.