Wave induced coastal flooding along the southwest coast of India during tropical cyclone Tauktae

Abstract

The coastal flood during the tropical cyclone Tauktae, 2021, at Chellanam coast, Kerala, India, has invited wide attention as the wave overtopping severely affected coastal properties and livelihood. We used a combination of WAVEWATCHIII and XBeach to study the coastal inundation during high waves. The effect of low-frequency waves and the rise in the coastal water level due to wave setup caused the inundation at Chellanam, even during low tide with negligible surge height. Wave setup raised the water level at the coast with steep slopes to more than 0.6 m and peaked during low tide, facilitating wave breaking at the nearshore region. The coastal regions adjacent to these steep slopes were subjected to severe inundation. The combined effect of long and short waves over wave setup formed extreme wave runups that flooded inland areas. At gently sloping beaches, the longwave component dominated and overtopped the seawalls and damaged households along the shoreline. The study emphasizes the importance of longwave and wave setup and its interaction with nearshore bathymetry during the high wave. The present study shall lead to the development of a coastal inundation prediction system for the low-lying hot spots using the combination of WAVEWATCHIII and XBeach models.

Dynamics of land, ocean, and atmospheric parameters associated with Tauktae cyclone

“…The land-ocean contrast controls the weather conditions and monsoonal rains that vary with the season. Numerous natural disasters, including landslides, earthquakes, land subsidence, oods, droughts, forest res, and dust storms (Sandholz et al, 2016;Mohanty et al, 2022;Chauhan et al, 2021) are frequently observed during the pre-monsoon (July -September). Cyclones are observed along the east and west coast during the premonsoon (May and June) and post-monsoon (October and November) seasons, devastating the Indian region (Singh et al, 2000Mohanty et al, 2022).…”

“…Numerous natural disasters, including landslides, earthquakes, land subsidence, oods, droughts, forest res, and dust storms (Sandholz et al, 2016;Mohanty et al, 2022;Chauhan et al, 2021) are frequently observed during the pre-monsoon (July -September). Cyclones are observed along the east and west coast during the premonsoon (May and June) and post-monsoon (October and November) seasons, devastating the Indian region (Singh et al, 2000Mohanty et al, 2022). Natural disasters drastically affect life, properties, ecosystems, and infrastructure (Kennish, 2019; Ramakrishnan et al, 2022;Sarkar et al, 2019) in disaster-prone areas.…”

“…Cyclones are observed along the east and west coast during the premonsoon (May and June) and post-monsoon (October and November) seasons, devastating the Indian region (Singh et al, 2000Mohanty et al, 2022). Natural disasters drastically affect life, properties, ecosystems, and infrastructure (Kennish, 2019; Ramakrishnan et al, 2022;Sarkar et al, 2019) in disaster-prone areas. The Indian coastline is highly vulnerable, consisting of low-lying land directly exposed to various geomorphologic and oceanographic changes (Cowell et al, 2006;Panda et al, 2022).…”

“…India suffers from frequent cyclones in the east and west coastal regions (Chauhan et al, 2018). Cyclones are known to in uence atmospheric, meteorological, ocean parameters and ocean productivity ( (Shanas et al, 2023), upper ocean responses (Mohanty et al, 2022), microphysics of rainfall and thunderstorm (Chakravarty et al, 2022) and impact assessment at Gujrat coastal region (Keriwala et al, 2022). Previous studies discussed various Tauktae phenomena but were limited to the relationship between atmospheric and meteorological factors over land-ocean.…”

Risk Management of Coastal Ring Roads to Rate Abrasion on The Lhokseumawe City

“…The capacity of ring roads decays over time due to various aging phenomena such as loads by hit sea waves. The damage to the coast has been identified by Ramakrishnan et al, [1] in their research on wave-induced coastal flooding along the southwest coast of India during tropical cyclone Tauktae. Irham et al, [2] proposed the management of coastal Aceh Province to maintain coastal zones, coastal development, and future environmental challenges.…”