Waterworks sludge-filter sand permeable reactive barrier for removal of toxic lead ions from contaminated groundwater

Faisal, Ayad A.H.; Al-Wakel, Saad Faik Abbas; Assi, Hussein; Naji, Laith A.; Naushad, Mu.

doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101112

Cited by 186 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Adsorption and activated carbon based technologies have also been widely used for several environmental applications [19][20][21][22][23][24]. To that end, the conversion of agricultural wastes into granular activated carbon (GAC) and its use for pollution control applications, has also attracted much attention, considering its multi-faceted and inherent economical, and environmental advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon

Vohra

2020

IJERPH

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The present work investigated the application of granular activated carbon (GAC) derived from date palm pits (DPP) agricultural waste for treating gaseous ammonia. Respective findings indicate increased breakthrough time (run time at which 5% of influent ammonia is exiting with the effluent gas) with a decrease in influent ammonia and increase in GAC bed depth. At a gas flow rate of 1.1 L/min and GAC column length of 8 cm, the following breakthrough trend was noted: 1295 min (2.5 ppmv) > 712 min (5 ppmv) > 532 min (7.5 ppmv). A qualitatively similar trend was also noted for the exhaustion time results (run time at which 95% of influent ammonia is exiting with the effluent gas). The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) findings for the produced GAC indicated some salient functional groups at the produced GAC surface including O–H, C–H, C–O, and S=O groups. Ammonia adsorption was suggested to result from its interaction with the respective surface functional groups via different mechanisms. Comparison with a commercial GAC showed the date palm pits based GAC to be having slightly higher breakthrough and exhaustion capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon

Vohra

2020

IJERPH

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“…Both precipitation and adsorption mechanisms seem to have an important role according to these results. Chemical precipitation was also found to be the main mechanism for Pb removal from underground water using wastewater treatment plant sludge as PRB 63 . Other studies from the literature reported fast kinetics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kraft pulp mill dregs and grits as permeable reactive barrier for removal of copper and sulfate in acid mine drainage

Farage

Quina

Gando-Ferreira

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Mining is an essential human activity, but results in several environmental impacts, notably the contamination of ground and surface water through the presence of toxic substances such as metals and sulfates in mine drainage. permeable reactive barriers (pRB) have been applied to remediate this environmental impact, but the high costs associated with the maintenance of this system are still a challenge. the main objective of this study was to evaluate the use of kraft pulp mill alkaline residues, known as dregs and grits, as material for pRB, and to determine their capacity for retaining copper and sulfate. the work was carried out in laboratory adsorption kinetics assays, batch assays and column tests. tests for elemental characterization, point of zero charge, acid neutralization capacity, total porosity, bulk density and moisture of the dregs and grits were conducted. the results showed high retention of Cu due to a chemical precipitation mechanism, notably for dregs (99%) at 5 min in adsorption kinetics. The grits presented similar results after 180 min for the same assay. Sulfate retention was effective at pH below 5, with an efficiency of 79% and 89% for dregs and grits, respectively. Dregs presented the best results for acid drainage remediation, notably with a solid:liquid (S:L) ratio of 1:10.Acid mine drainage (AMD) is caused by the oxidation of sulfur-bearing materials in the presence of oxygen and water, resulting in sulfate and metals solubilization and forming acidic solutions 1-4 . Active and inactive mining activities for metals, such as copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver and uranium, provoke potential degradation of the environment by the presence of different contaminants, particularly due to metals and sulfates in acid drainage 5 . Indeed, the acid drainage formation is an important environmental aspect of mining practices. The sulfate concentrations may reach 2,400 to 20,800 mg/L 6,7 , well above the limit of 250 mg/L established by the World Health Organization 8 . It might cause damage not only to human health but also to the environment, and depreciation of structures and equipment 2,9 , resulting in high costs for control and management by the mining companies 2,10 . Copper concentration may be in the range from 77 to 615 mg/L, with higher values in the Cu mines 1,11 . Other metals such as Al, Mn, Fe, Mg, and Zn are also commonly found in AMD in these mines 10,12 .AMD remediation can be actively accomplished off-site with the pumping of the contamination plume to a treatment plant, or passively on-site with the use of permeable reactive barriers (PRB), with lower installation and maintenance costs. It can be carried out with the flow directed to the system, by the Funnel model, or the grid-type, by the installation of a perpendicular barrier to the contamination plume 13,14 . The PRB was first proposed in Canada in the 1990s 13,15 , with different materials used as adsorbent media, from single barriers with only one material to composites of different materials, or multiple sequential barrier...

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“…Adsorption isotherms are mathematical relationships which describe the distribution of adsorbate between aqueous and solid phases at a specific or constant temperature. The shapes of isotherms provide many assumptions regarding the nature of the adsorption, interaction among adsorbate and adsorbent, surface coverage and heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface [51]. Different adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevitch in the present work were employed to evaluate the equilibrium data; however, the isotherm that yields higher regression values (R 2 ) and have a minimum deviation between the calculated and experimental adsorption capacities are discussed here.…”

Section: Application Of Adsorption Isotherm Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption potential of macroporous Amberlyst-15 for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions

Razzaq

Shah

Fahad

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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The macroporous ion exchange resins are unique and most suitable for the adsorption of heavy metal ions due to their porous three-dimensional structures and large specific surface areas. In the current investigation, a macroporous sulphonic acid cation exchange resin Amberlyst-15 was implemented for the adsorption of Cd (II) using batch adsorption technique to evaluate its removal efficiency. The characterization of resin surface was performed by several techniques: Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and Point of zero charge (PZC). The effects of various experimental parameters such as time, temperature, concentration, pH and dosage amount were examined in detail. The optimum pH for maximum uptake of Cd(II) onto the Amberlyst.15 was observed at pH 3 showing the efficient working of resin under highly acidic conditions. The results also proved that Amberlyst-15 showed tremendous adsorption potential toward Cd(II) removal; 99.95% removal within 30 min reaction time and 2.01 mmol g −1 maximum adsorption capacity at 323 K. The adsorption data was well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo second order models. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption was endothermic, spontaneous and feasible process with increased randomness at resin surface. The free energy of adsorption (E) (13-15 kJ mol −1 ) determined from Dubinin-Radushkevitch (D-R) model proved the ion exchange reaction mechanism for Cd(II) adsorption. The experimental results reported herein validate that Amberlyst.15 resin is a promising adsorbent for the enhanced removal of Cd(II) and other toxic metals from contaminated water and waste effluents.

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Waterworks sludge-filter sand permeable reactive barrier for removal of toxic lead ions from contaminated groundwater

Cited by 186 publications

References 44 publications

Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon

Treatment of Gaseous Ammonia Emissions Using Date Palm Pits Based Granular Activated Carbon

Kraft pulp mill dregs and grits as permeable reactive barrier for removal of copper and sulfate in acid mine drainage

Adsorption potential of macroporous Amberlyst-15 for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solutions

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