Waterwells: how can we make legality more attractive?

Foster, Stephen; Hirata, Ricardo; Custódio, Emílio

doi:10.1007/s10040-021-02319-x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although official data suggest that surface water is the most used resource in larger cities, it is necessary to assess the role of complementary self-supply from private water wells, which are often irregular or illegal [16], to get the full picture. In Brazil, more than 90% of all groundwater is extracted by private water wells, highlighting the role that self-supply plays in national water security [17], with the following distribution among user types: domestic (30%), agricultural (24%), urban public (18%), and multiple-use (14%).…”

Section: Selected Global Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Self-Supply from Groundwater—An Analysis of Management Aspects and Policy Needs

Foster

Hirata

Eichholz

et al. 2022

Water

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The use of private water wells for self-supply in developing cities has ‘mushroomed’ during recent decades, such that it is now an important component of total water-supply, but one all too frequently overlooked in official figures. Selected global experience of the phenomenon (from 10 cities in 3 continents) is succinctly summarized, and then analyzed from differing perspectives, before drawing recommendations on priorities for its improved management.

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Section: Selected Global Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Self-Supply from Groundwater—An Analysis of Management Aspects and Policy Needs

Foster

Hirata

Eichholz

et al. 2022

Water

Self Cite

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“…Recently a new focus has emerged, addressing questions on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) studies integrated into urban water supply systems, notably in historic cities. Sustainable urban groundwater systems are considered increasingly significant in global development issues such as management, protection, distribution, safety, and services (e.g., [2,3,19,27,29,39,50]). In addition, urban population growth and improved living patterns lead to increased water use and demand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Urban Groundwater and Sustainable Water Resources Management and Planning: Insights for Improved Designs with Nature, Hazards, and Society

Chaminé

Afonso

Barbieri

2022

Water

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“…Um aspecto a ser analisado é decorrente da hipótese defendida por Hardin (1968), ou seja, "o livre acesso e a demanda irrestrita de um recurso hídrico limitado, termina por condenar estruturalmente o recurso por conta de sua superexplotação" (Ostrom et al, 1999). O usuário, entendendo que a extração de água está se tornando cada vez mais cara e tendo ele acesso também a um recurso de preço fixo (água da rede pública), antes da perda do recurso (Costa, 2000;Feitelson, 2006;Andreu et al, 2008;Cary et al, 2013;Petelet-Giraud et al, 2017;Hirata et al, 2019a,b;Schmidt et al , 2020;Foster et al, 2021).…”

Section: Depleção Planejadaunclassified

“…Segundo Foster et al (2021), os problemas assumem um caráter bastante diferente entre as áreas urbanas e agrícolas, embora poços ilegais sejam comuns em ambos os ambientes: "nas áreas urbanas, os poços são frequentemente construídos como uma estratégia de enfrentamento em resposta ao abastecimento deficiente de concessionárias de água" -mas também com interesses de obter vantagem econômica rápida, pelos custos de produção menores do que os que são pagos pelo consumo da rede pública de água -"e este uso gera um efluente; em áreas agrícolas irrigadas, as taxas de captação são muito maiores e são principalmente para uso consuntivo, causando maior impacto ambiental da própria captação e dos fluxos de retorno da irrigação".…”

Section: Depleção Planejadaunclassified

“…Considera-se que os motivos das irregularidades estão associados à forma de controle sobre a água subterrânea e à falta de conhecimento do recurso subterrâneo por quem os utiliza e de certo modo até por órgãos de governo, o que evidencia a importância de um projeto de conscientização geral. E, ainda, em função das características dos aquíferos e da invisibilidade relativa da água subterrânea, os consequentes conflitos pela água não são aparentes, pois não são entendidos pelas partes, dando a falsa impressão de que os problemas não existem e não haverá necessidade de medidas mais restritivas de controle pelo uso da água (Hirata et al, 2015;Foster et al, 2021).…”

Section: Depleção Planejadaunclassified

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Por que existem tantos poços irregulares no Brasil?

Pinhatti

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Brazil has a large groundwater availability, and its use has been growing up. It is considered that there are more than 2.5 million tubular wells in Brazil, which pump about 17.5 billion cubic meters per year (557 m³/s); such a flow would be enough to supply 217 million people, therefore, the entire Brazilian population. Such importance, however, is not followed by correct management. There are many irregular wells across the country. It is estimated that at least 70 % of the tubular wells are clandestine or unknown to the government, therefore irregular, and of the total, only 1 % have permits. The uncontrolled use of wells causes: a) socioeconomic impacts, conflicts between users, interference between wells causing the reduction or loss of the resource and increased exploitation costs; b) impacts on the environment, contamination of aquifers; and c) impacts on water resources management, restricting good water governance. The impacts related to the accentuated drawdown in the aquifers, it was conventionally called overexploitation. Aiming to understand the reason for the existence of so many irregular wells in Brazil and define measures that effectively contribute to the reduction of irregularities, an opinion poll was carried out with the participation of 275 respondents. Among the main reasons expressed are the lack of an inspectorate, typically a government responsibility the existence of companies that drill wells without the proper Execution License; and the user's lack of knowledge about groundwater, both in technical and legal aspects. Therefore, adequate inspectorate, essential in managing water resources, is the primary mitigating measure. Furthermore, for the effective application of the legal instruments, it is necessary, above all, that there is political will on the part of all administrative entities and their respective water resources authorities since it is a "top-down approach." In addition, actions must be taken to support management authorities and inspection agents, improve law enforcement mechanisms, oversight of the professional technical activity of well drilling companies, and communication with managers about the importance of groundwater for water security.

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Waterwells: how can we make legality more attractive?

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Urban Self-Supply from Groundwater—An Analysis of Management Aspects and Policy Needs

Urban Self-Supply from Groundwater—An Analysis of Management Aspects and Policy Needs

Advances in Urban Groundwater and Sustainable Water Resources Management and Planning: Insights for Improved Designs with Nature, Hazards, and Society

Por que existem tantos poços irregulares no Brasil?

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