Watermarking Spectral Images with Three-Dimensional Wavelet Transform Subject to Various Illumination Conditions

Kaarna, Arto; Krasavin, Konstantin; Parkkinen, Jussi; Jääskeläinen, Timo; Schyndel, Ron van

doi:10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.(2008)52:3(030502)

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This work was motivated by the three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform approach of Kaarna et al [15,16] The robustness of the proposed method was tested both with and without effect of illumination. Simulation results have shown the proposed method is more robust than the three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform approach of Kaarna et al [15,16] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this section, the proposed method is compared with the 3D-DWT method of kaarna et al [15,16] in the cases both with and without effect of different illumination conditions. Experiments were performed on a spectral image of natural scenes from [22].…”

Section: Simulations and Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kaarna et al [15,16] used the grayscale image as the watermark, which is easily recognized by humans. The visual watermark contains information derived form the spectral image database provider.…”

Section: The Proposed Watermarking Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Illuminants for spectral image processing are described in the fifth section. Comparisons with the approach of kaarna et al [15,16] are given in the sixth section and the conclusions are drawn in the final section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reasonable approach for a spectral image database provider is to keep the reflectance data and then add the illumination required by the client. Several watermarking techniques have been developed for spectral images [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Watermarking spectral images with three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform and singular value decomposition under various illumination conditions

Song³

et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

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Kaarna et al. [pro. Scand. Cof. Image Analysis, SCIA 2003, pages 320-327] proposed a watermarking method based on the three dimensional wavelet transform for spectral images. kaarna et al [J. Imaging SCI. Technol. 52, pages 30502-1 -30502-18, 2008] reported that the robustness of the watermarking method to different illumination conditions. The spectral image database provider stores the reflectance or radiance spectra of the images. Depending on the client's requirements, the effects from illumination can be added to the spectra, i.e., the viewing conditions change the perceived color of the spectrum. External illumination can be compensated through convoluting the spectra of the image with the spectrum of the illuminant. In this paper, a hybrid watermarking method based on the three-dimensional wavelet transform and singular value decomposition is proposed. The proposed method is compared with the 3D-DWT method of kaarna et al in the cases both with and without effect of different illumination conditions. Experiments were performed on a spectral image of natural scenes. Inlab2 was selected. The color reproduction is done using CIE XYZ basis function with D65 light model. Inlab2 image have the following dimensions: 256x256 pixels, and 31 spectral components per each pixel. Images were captured by a CCD (charge coupled device) camera in a 400-700 nm wavelength range at 10 nm intervals. The image selected was taken indoor (in a controlled environment, i.e. dark-lab or glass-house). The performance of the proposed technique is compared with the work of kaarna et al against different illumination conditions and attacks including median and mean filtering, lossy compression. The experiments indicate, the proposed method outperforms the work of kaarna et al.

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