Watermarking of three-dimensional objects by digital holography

Abstract

We present an optical method for information watermarking of three-dimensional (3D) objects by digital holography. A hidden image is embedded by double phase encoding in a phase-shift digital hologram of the 3D object. We decode the watermarked hologram to reconstruct the hidden image and the 3D object. We use either the entire hologram or a part of it to decode the hidden image. Experiments are presented to illustrate the ability to recover both the 3D object and the decoded hidden image. Digital holograms of the 3D object are obtained by optical experiments. The watermarking process, 3D object reconstruction, and hidden image recovery are performed digitally. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 3D object watermarking by use of a phase encoding technique and digital holography.

A Zero-watermarking Scheme based on LPM and Holographic

“…Digital holography is a technique of hologram recording, processing and reproduction. It can be generated by computer or CCD collection [13]. In recent years, digital holographic technology has been applied to the field of digital watermarking and shows great potential.…”

Image watermarking by using phase retrieval algorithm in gyrator transform domain

“…Image watermarking is an important technology to protect copyright and secret data in the field of information security [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Optical and digital algorithms of image watermarking have been researched and reported in recent years.…”

Optical image watermarking using fractional Fourier transform

“…The vast majority of digital watermarking has been reported for one-dimensional or two-dimensional images. In some of the studies watermarking of three-dimensional images have also been reported [13,14]. Image watermarking using digital holography have been further investigated by several researchers [1517].…”