Waterlogged wasteland treatment through agro-forestry: A review

Abstract

India covers 147.75 mha degraded area, whereas 6.41 mha area confined to waterlogging problem in Bihar, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Kerala, Rajasthan and few other states. The transpiration principle of plants is used in bio-drainage treatment to reclaim such problematic areas sustainably. Evergreen broad leaved species recorded high transpiration rate and contribute highly in reclamation of waterlogged saline soils. Short rotation fast growing tree species like Salix, Eucalypt, Acacia, Albizia, Terminalia, Prosopis, Populuswere the suitable species for such areas. Agri-silviculture, agri-horti- silviculture, silvi-pasture, multipurpose woodlots, strip plantation and boundary plantations were widely used for reclamation of saline-waterlogged conditions of India. In agri-silviculture system, Eucalypt based agroforestry systems are widely used for reclamation of waterlogged areas as compared to other woody plant based systems. 0.84–0.86 m total drawdown of ground water in 3 years Eucalypt tree species. The vertical and horizontal root spreading of tree species is one important character for capturing and transpiration of excess water from waterlogged area. From the present investigation, longest root system was recorded from Prosopis cineraria (20-60 m) species.

Evolution of the Materials and Methods Used for Subsurface Drainage of Agricultural Lands from Antiquity to the Present

“…Evergreen broad-leaved species that recorded high evapotranspiration rates could be used for reclamation of waterlogged soils. Sarvade et al [93] reported that short rotation fast growing tree species, such as Salix spp., Eucalypt spp., Acacia spp., Albizia spp., Terminalia spp., Prosopis spp., and Populus spp. were the suitable species for biodrainage technology.…”

“…in a density of 1900 trees/ha [96]. Additionally, in another study, where numerous plant systems were tested, an Eucalypt-based agri-silviculture system gave good results, with 0.84-0.86 m total drawdown of groundwater table in a three-year period and is a widely used vegetation system in India [93].…”

Hydrogeological Characteristics of the Quaternary aquifer in Beni Suef area, Egypt

“…The study area is characterized by intensive agricultural activities and is undergoing a notable water shortage especially in the western parts ;the west of Bahr Youssef canal ,where the groundwater is heavily consumed .Moreover ,waterlogging is dominant in some parts of the study area ,resulting in soil amendment and may be abandonment of land .Therefore ,the main objective of this study is investigation of the hydrogeological properties of the Quaternary aquifer in Beni Suef area based on the data from the technical reports of REGWA for the years 2014,2003,1996 addition ,the waterlogging phenomena is considered to allocate the areas that adversely affected by soil salinization .Generally ,the agricultural productivity of about third of the world's irrigated lands decreased as a result of poor irrigation techniques that drive salinization and waterlogging) Fernández Cirelli et al (2009 ,. Additionally ,in arid and semi-arid regions around the world ,the land is affected by waterlogging problem due to canal irrigation that accompanied by poor drainage system) Sarvade et al(2017 ,.…”

Response of Integrated Application of Inorganic Fertilizers and Vermicompost on Rice Productivity at Farmer Field

“…Integration of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures will not only sustain the crop production but also will be effective in improving soil health and enhancing the nutrient use efficiency under rice-wheat cropping system in a Vertisol [6]. The balance fertilization through integrated use of manure, fertilizer and biofertilizer along with micronutrients has also been found useful in rice crop [7]. Hence, a field experiment was undertaken to study the effect of combined application of inorganic fertilizers and vermicompost on yield of rice and nutrient balance at farmer's field.…”