Waterbird assemblages of inland wetlands in Chile: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Chile has a large number of wetlands that offer a wide variety of refuges and food to waterbird assemblages. This research hypothesises that these assemblages differ according to the structural characteristics of each type of inland wetland. The object is to identify the structure of these assemblages, evaluating their richness, alpha α diversity and some ecological characteristics, taxonomic structures and trophic guilds. We performed a meta-analysis by submitting pre-selected articles to multivariate reliability analysis. The selected articles were used to characterise the assemblages by alpha α diversity: species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou’s Evenness Index, relative abundance and taxonomic distinctiveness Δ + and beta β diversity: Bray-Curtis with analysis of similarity percentage. Diversity and evenness differed in the seven wetlands studied, among 12 to 45 species, Shannon-Wiener index H’= 0.08 to 0.94 bits and Pielou’s Evenness Index J’= 0.06 to 0.71. Four wetlands were below and three above the expected value for taxonomic distinctiveness (Δ +) (73.2 units). Two clusters were identified using the β diversity: one consisting of the High-Andean wetlands (Huasco and Negro Francisco); and the other of El Peral lagoon, the Cruces River wetlands complex and the Tranque San Rafael man-made wetland. The most remarkable dissimilarity was provided by three species (Cygnus melancoryphus, Phoenicoparrus jamesi and Phoenicoparrus andinus). Zoophagous species that eat invertebrates by the first choice are the dominant group, while in lagoon wetlands phytophages and omnivores are more evenly represented.

Habitat preference and abundance of Coscoroba coscoroba and Cygnus melancoryphus in Petrel wetland (O'Higgins region, Chile): Implications in the conservation

“…Therefore, Petrel's wetland is a site of national importance for the conservation of these swans. Additionally, our results highlight that the population density in this area are the highest recorded in comparison with other Chilean wetlands within the Ramsar Convention (Schlatter et al 1991;Rojas & Tabilo 2004;Matus et al 2010;Muñoz-Pedreros & Merino 2014;Mella-Romero et al 2018;Miranda-García et al 2021).…”

Caracterización y variabilidad temporal de la avifauna en el humedal Petrel, región del Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Chile: Necesidades de conservación

“…Adicionalmente, el valor Rtp para este orden es alto (12,6) en contraste con el Rtp a nivel de Chile, el cual es 17,6 (Victoriano et al 2006), por ende, el humedal Petrel es utilizado por las aves de este orden como fuente de alimento, descanso, refugio y sitio de invernada. Es preciso destacar el valor del índice Rtp para el orden Podicipediformes (Tabla 2), pues corresponde al mismo valor descrito para todo Chile, por lo tanto, en el humedal Petrel se registra la representación total de familias, géneros y especies de este orden a nivel país, aunque, este valor no considera aves errantes como Podiceps gallardoi (Roesler 2015) La riqueza registrada, representa el 50,4 % de las aves acuáticas que habitan en Chile según la clasificación de Victoriano et al (2006) y el 59,3 % según lo propuesto en el meta-análisis de Miranda-García et al (2021). Además, la riqueza corresponde al 24,6 % de las aves totales presentes en Chile (Vilina & Cofré 2008), valor elevado si se considera que el humedal Petrel no supera las 70 ha de extensión.…”

Composition and feeding guilds bird community in tropical peatland of Orang Kayo Hitam Forest Park buffer area, Jambi, Indonesia

“…Therefore, Ardeidae is part of a group of water birds dependent on wetlands (Hidayat and Dewi 2017). This dependence is based on their need to eat, rest, and reproduce (Miranda-García et al 2021). In addition, Ardeidae has characteristics on the body, namely a long neck and characteristic long and straight beaks (MacKinnon et al 2010;Nisa and Setyoko 2021).…”