Water vole (Arvicola terrestris scherman) density as risk factor for human alveolar echinococcosis.

Viel, Jean‐François; Giraudoux, Patrick; Abrial, V; Bresson‐Hadni, Solange

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.559

Cited by 88 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In total 6 genera of Cricetidae, 3 genera of Muridae and 7 genera of Arvicolidae have been recorded as susceptible species (Zhou 2001). Among them, the field mouse (Microtus arvalis) (Zhou 2001), lacustrine voles (Microtus limnophilus) (Craig et al 2000) and water voles (Arvicola terrestris Scherman) (Viel et al 1999). Musk rats (Ondatra zibethicus) can also be infected with these larval cestodes (Borgsteede et al 2003).…”

Section: Echinococcosismentioning

confidence: 98%

Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health

Meerburg¹,

Singleton²,

Kijlstra³

2009

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

807

722

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Rodents are the most abundant and diversified order of living mammals in the world. Already since the Middle Ages we know that they can contribute to human disease, as black rats were associated with distribution of plague. However, also in modern times rodents form a threat for public health. In this review article a large number of pathogens that are directly or indirectly transmitted by rodents are described. Moreover, a simplified rodent disease model is discussed.

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Section: Echinococcosismentioning

confidence: 98%

Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health

Meerburg¹,

Singleton²,

Kijlstra³

2009

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

807

722

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“…High density of intermediate host species significantly correlated with the heavy infection burden in foxes and dogs, and consequently resulted in high human AE prevalence rate (Viel et al, 1999;Craig et al, 2000). Pastoralism is a major industry in the Tibetan plateau.…”

Section: Land-use Pattern and The Endemic Of Echinococcosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinococcosis in China, a Review of the Epidemiology of Echinococcus spp.

2008

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are highly significant infectious diseases occurring worldwide and caused by metacestodes of tapeworms Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis, respectively. Both human CE and AE have highest prevalence rates in western and northwestern China. Livestock is the main intermediate host of E. granulosus, and wild small mammal are the main intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis. Since they range freely in pastoral areas, prey on wild small mammals and offal of livestock after slaughter, and have close relationships with humans, domestic dogs are the most important definitive host of both Echinococcus spp. with the highest risk of transmitting CE and AE to humans. Pastoralism is the occupation with the highest risk of being infected with the both kinds of echinococcosis due to the proximity of livestock, dogs, and wildlife host species. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology of human echinococcosis, the situation of parasite transmission in animal hosts, and possible transmission patterns in China. In addition, human activities and their potential influence on the transmission of echinococcosis are also discussed.

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“…The intensity of E. multilocularis transmission is determined by the predation pattern of foxes and the population density of intermediate hosts. Several studies prove the link between land use and these two key factors of E. multilocularis transmission (Viel et al 1999;Staubach et al 2001;Giraudoux et al 2003). Foxes in villages and small towns spend a third of their time in habitats with relevant intermediate hosts, such as grassland (Giraudoux et al 2003), arable land (Weible 2005) and reed beds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection pressure of human alveolar echinococcosis due to village and small town foxes (Vuples vulpes) living in close proximity to residents

et al. 2011

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This study investigated the epidemiological and ecological factors to assess the infection pressure of alveolar echinococcosis to human which are living in villages and small towns. Foxes and fox faeces were examined for Echinococcus multilocularis and foxes were observed by radio telemetry in Upper Bavaria, Germany. Forty-three percent of the village foxes (n=65) had been infected with E. multilocularis. This prevalence rate did not differ significantly from the prevalence among rural foxes, which was 39% (n=33; χ 2 =0.12, df=1, p=0.727) determined by the intestinal scraping technique. PCR analyses of fox faeces showed a higher infection rate of 35% (n=26) among rural foxes than among foxes in villages and small towns (26%, n=69; χ 2 =0.68, df=1, p=0.411). One quarter of the fox faecal samples come from private gardens of residents. The radio-tracking study on 17 foxes showed that foxes preferred the built-up area and grassland outside the villages. Village foxes concentrated their activity within a range of 500 m around the settlement. Sixty-four percent of all bearings for radio-tracked foxes showed positions in areas outside the town, and 36% of bearings were within the settlement. Village foxes, which are infected with E. multilocularis, are able to carry the parasite continuously into settlements and fox faeces present an immediate source of infection to humans, especially within their gardens. Therefore, foxes are responsible for environmental E. multilocularis egg contamination in the vicinity of humans, leading to an infection risk to inhabitants of villages and small towns.

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Water vole (Arvicola terrestris scherman) density as risk factor for human alveolar echinococcosis.

Cited by 88 publications

References 17 publications

Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health

Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health

Echinococcosis in China, a Review of the Epidemiology of Echinococcus spp.

Infection pressure of human alveolar echinococcosis due to village and small town foxes (Vuples vulpes) living in close proximity to residents

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