Water use of Vitis vinifera grapes in Washington

Evans, Robert G.; Spayd, S. E.; Wample, Robert L.; Kroeger, M. W.; Mahan, Michael

doi:10.1016/0378-3774(93)90035-9

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The mean ETa_ec value obtained in this study was 2.6 mm/day during the first season and 2.9 mm/day during the second season (Table 5). These values are in agreement with those reported in literature for grapevines (Oliver and Sene 1992, Evans et al 1993, Trambouze et al 1998, Yunusa et al 2004 …”

Section: Poblete-echeverría and Ortega-fariassupporting

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of single and dual crop coefficients over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard (Vitis vinifera L.) using combined measurements of sap flow sensors and an eddy covariance system

Poblete-Echeverría

Ortega-Farías

2013

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims:Irrigation is one of the most important viticultural practices in semi-arid regions. For this reason, the Food and Agriculture Organization's Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56 single and dual crop coefficient approaches were evaluated to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard. Methods and Results: Vine transpiration was measured using sap flow sensors, and ETa was measured by an eddy covariance system. Soil evaporation was calculated as the difference between ETa and sap flow sensors. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation. This information was used to evaluate single (Kc) and dual crop coefficients [Kcb and Ke] approaches during the 2007/08 and 2008/09 grapevine growing seasons. Conclusions: Results indicated that vine transpiration is the most important component of ETa for a drip-irrigatedMerlot vineyard trained on a vertical shoot-positioned system. In midseason, the observed values of single crop coefficients and Kcb were lower by 11 and 19% than those recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization's Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56 for grapevines, respectively. The application of site-specific Kcb values reduced the error in the estimation of ETa by about 10%. Significance of the Study: The study indicates that the use of sap flow sensors could be an alternative method for obtaining site-specific Kcb values for vineyards under field conditions.

show abstract

Section: Poblete-echeverría and Ortega-fariassupporting

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of single and dual crop coefficients over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard (Vitis vinifera L.) using combined measurements of sap flow sensors and an eddy covariance system

Poblete-Echeverría

Ortega-Farías

2013

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The current industry standard for RDI was used as a control to replenish 70% of full vine evapotranspiration (ET c ) from fruit set through harvest and is referred to as 70% ET c . This standard was derived from a reference crop (grass) evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) provided by the Washington State University AgWeatherNet weather station in Desert Aire, WA, and a variable crop coefficient, K c (from ~0.3 at the start of treatments to ~0.8 in early August to ~0.4 by harvest), developed for fully irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon vines in eastern Washington: ET c = ET 0 × K c (Evans et al 1993). Three other RDI treatments were also imposed from fruit set to harvest to replenish 100% ET c , 25% ET c , and then 25% ET c from fruit set to veraison followed by 100% ET c from veraison to harvest (25/100% ET c ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Vineyard and Winemaking Practices Impacting Berry Size on Evolution of Phenolics during Winemaking

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four methods of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), an irrigation technique whereby water is supplied at rates at or below the full evapotranspiration (ET c ), were applied to Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. The grapes were thereafter processed with three winemaking techniques: control (10-day maceration), extended maceration (EM; 30-day maceration), and saignée (removal of 16% of must by volume at crushing). The 25% ET c treatment had higher concentrations (fresh weight basis) of skin anthocyanins and seed tannins. Overall, skin tannins showed increased biosynthesis in 100% ET c and 25/100% ET c , whereas seed tannins were mostly (positively) affected due to a reduction of fresh weight in 25% ET c . Extraction of anthocyanins and tannins during winemaking ranged from 40 to 73% and from 17 to 26%, respectively. During maceration, the extraction curves for both anthocyanins and tannins were unaffected by the RDI treatments; quantitative differences were caused primarily by the winemaking treatments and secondarily by the RDI treatments. Consistent with a higher content of anthocyanins, 25% ET c wines had higher concentrations of polymeric pigments and greater color saturation and a* (red color component) both at day 30 and after 120 days post-crushing. EM enhanced seed tannin extraction, which resulted in a 50% increase in wine tannins relative to control and saignée wines, but it lowered anthocyanins and color saturation. Saignée increased anthocyanins at day 5 by 22% and tannins by 24% (relative to control wines), resulting in higher concentrations of polymeric pigments after 120 days. Both saignée and control wines had a roughly equivalent proportion of seed-and skin-derived tannins, whereas EM wines had 73% seed-derived tannins.

show abstract

“…The amount of irrigation water (IW in mm) to be applied for each irrigation set was calculated from measured θ v (converted to mm), rainfall (RF), and crop evapotranspiration (ET c ): IW = target θ v -measured θ v -RF + ET c . In addition, ET c = 0.8 × K c × ET 0 , where K c was the published V. vinifera crop coefficient (Evans et al 1993) for appropriate cumulative growing degree days (GDD, see below) and ET 0 was the pan (grass) evapotranspiration for the preceding irrigation interval. Following irrigation near veraison and during early ripening, the soil was again permitted to dry down to encourage cold acclimation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rootstock Effects on Deficit-Irrigated Winegrapes in a Dry Climate: Vigor, Yield Formation, and Fruit Ripening

Keller¹,

Mills²,

Harbertson³

2011

Am. J. Enol. Vitic.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A rootstock field trial was conducted in the Yakima Valley, southeastern Washington, with three Vitis vinifera cultivars (Merlot, Syrah, Chardonnay). Vines were grown on their own roots or field-grafted to the rootstocks 5C, 99R, 140Ru, 1103P, 3309C, and an unnamed rootstock from Cornell University (here termed 101CU) that is a likely sibling or seedling of 101-14 Mgt. Repeated scion dieback due to cold injury to 99R led us to abandon this rootstock. Vine phenology, vigor, water status, yield formation, and fruit ripening and composition were evaluated during three years beginning in the vineyard's ninth year. Own-rooted Merlot and Chardonnay grew more shoots than grafted vines, and 140Ru and 1103P tended to reduce pruning weights. However, 3309C was the rootstock associated with the highest pruning weights in Syrah and the lowest in Chardonnay. Rootstocks usually did not impact vine phenology, fruit set, and plant water status, although there was a trend for stem water potential to be highest with 3309C and lowest with 5C. The rootstock effect on yield formation depended on the scion cultivar, and variations in different yield components often cancelled out each other, but 3309C (Merlot and Syrah), 5C (Merlot and Chardonnay), and own roots (Chardonnay) were often associated with high yields. Nevertheless, the rootstocks had only minor effects on fruit ripening and did not consistently alter soluble solids, TA, K + , or anthocyanin pigments, but the pH was higher in fruit from own-rooted vines compared with grafted Merlot and Chardonnay. Overall, scion effects and differences due to yearly climate variation far outweighed any differences due to rootstock.

show abstract

Water use of Vitis vinifera grapes in Washington

Cited by 77 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of single and dual crop coefficients over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard (Vitis vinifera L.) using combined measurements of sap flow sensors and an eddy covariance system

Evaluation of single and dual crop coefficients over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard (Vitis vinifera L.) using combined measurements of sap flow sensors and an eddy covariance system

Effects of Vineyard and Winemaking Practices Impacting Berry Size on Evolution of Phenolics during Winemaking

Rootstock Effects on Deficit-Irrigated Winegrapes in a Dry Climate: Vigor, Yield Formation, and Fruit Ripening

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About