Water use of a multigenotype poplar short‐rotation coppice from tree to stand scale

Bloemen, Jasper; Fichot, Régis; Horemans, Joanna A.; Broeckx, L.S.; Verlinden, Melanie S.; Zenone, Terenzio; Ceulemans, R.

doi:10.1111/gcbb.12345

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…After having fit a linear relationship between stem diameter and sap flow rate in poplars under SRC, other studies showed that the highest contribution to whole‐tree transpiration was provided by stems with diameters larger than 14 mm (Tricker et al., 2009). Another consideration for choosing the sapwood area‐based scaling of F s , was the assumption that the whole‐stem cross‐section consisted of conducting sapwood (see Figure 2), an assumption confirmed in studies with single‐stem poplars (Bloemen et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 1997) and with other single‐stem trees (Tang et al., 2006). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sap flow rates (F s ; g/hr) of individual stems were measured using the stem heat balance (SHB) technique (Baker & van Bavel, 1987;Sakuratani, 1981), as already successfully applied in previous studies on SRC (Allen et al, 1999;Bloemen et al, 2017;Hall et al, 1998;Tricker et al, 2009). F s was continuously monitored on two stems per tree and three trees per genotype throughout the entire growing season (9 April to 12 November 2016), using 24 SHB sap flow sensors able to operate in a wide range of stem diameters (SGEX16, SGEX19, SGEX25 and SGB35, Dynamax Inc., Houston, TX, US).…”

Section: Tree Level Measurements: Sap Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different sap flow methods and techniques have been used to measure tree and stand transpiration of poplar, including the stem heat balance (SHB) method (Allen, Hall, & Rosier, 1999; Bloemen et al., 2017; Hall & Allen, 1997; Hall, Allen, Rosier, & Hopkins, 1998; Tricker et al., 2009; Zhang, Simmonds, Morison, & Payne, 1997), the trunk tissue heat balance (THB) method (Hinckley et al., 1994; Petzold, Schwarzel, & Feger, 2011), the heat field deformation (HFM) method (Meiresonne et al., 1999) and the thermal dissipation (TD) method (Kim, Oren, & Hinckley, 2008; Lambs & Muller, 2002; Schmidt‐Walter, Richter, Herbst, Schuldt, & Lamersdorf, 2014; Xi, Di, Wang, Duan, & Jia, 2017). These studies related to poplar stands of longer rotations (Kim et al., 2008; Meiresonne et al., 1999; Petzold et al., 2011; Xi et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 1997), to uncoppiced, single‐stemmed SRC poplar (Bloemen et al., 2017; Hinckley et al., 1994; Schmidt‐Walter et al., 2014; Tricker et al., 2009) as well as to coppiced, multistemmed (Allen et al., 1999; Hall et al., 1998; Tricker et al., 2009) poplars. In all the afore mentioned studies, in particular in the ones on multistemmed SRC poplars, the recorded sap flow measurements, used to obtain stand transpiration, were carried out over a short time period (maximum of eight (Tricker et al., 2009) or 9 weeks (Hall et al., 1998)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypic variation in transpiration of coppiced poplar during the third rotation of a short‐rotation bio‐energy culture

et al. 2018

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The productivity of short‐rotation coppice (SRC) plantations with poplar (Populus spp.) strongly depends on soil water availability, which limits the future development of its cultivation, and makes the study of the transpirational water loss particularly timely under the ongoing climate change (more frequent drought and floods). This study assesses the transpiration at different scales (leaf, tree and stand) of four poplar genotypes belonging to different species and from a different genetic background grown under an SRC regime. Measurements were performed for an entire growing season during the third year of the third rotation in a commercial scale multigenotype SRC plantation in Flanders (Belgium). Measurements at leaf level were performed on specific days with a contrasted evaporative demand, temperature and incoming shortwave radiation and included stomatal conductance, stem and leaf water potential. Leaf transpiration and leaf hydraulic conductance were obtained from these measurements. To determine the transpiration at the tree level, single‐stem sap flow using the stem heat balance (SHB) method and daily stem diameter variations were measured during the entire growing season. Sap flow‐based canopy transpiration (E c), seasonal dry biomass yield, and water use efficiency (WUE; g aboveground dry matter/kg water transpired) of the four poplar genotypes were also calculated. The genotypes had contrasting physiological responses to environmental drivers and to soil conditions. Sap flow was tightly linked to the phenological stage of the trees and to the environmental variables (photosynthetically active radiation and vapor pressure deficit). The total E c for the 2016 growing season was of 334, 350, 483 and 618 mm for the four poplar genotypes, Bakan, Koster, Oudenberg and Grimminge, respectively. The differences in physiological traits and in transpiration of the four genotypes resulted in different responses of WUE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tree Level Measurements: Sap Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypic variation in transpiration of coppiced poplar during the third rotation of a short‐rotation bio‐energy culture

et al. 2018

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“…We then upscaled the water fluxes for individual trees to estimate the stand canopy transpiration latent enthalpy flux ( λT ; unit: W m −2 ) based on the equation (Cermák, ; Hatton & Wu, ; Soegaard & Boegh, ; Vertessy et al, ; Bloemen et al, ):

normalλ T = λ \frac{\sum_{j = 1}^{m} ((), {(F_{tree})}_{j} / {LAI}_{j})}{A} {LAI}_{μ},

where λ is the latent enthalpy of vaporization at 20 °C ( λ ≈ 2,466 J g –1 ), A is the ground area occupied by the stand (unit: m 2 ), ( F tree ) j is the mean sap flux density of trees in class j ( m = 2 species × 3 circumference classes in this study), LAI μ is the mean leaf area index of the mangrove forest, and LAI j is the mean leaf area index for class j . The LAI values in Table S1 were measured by hemispherical canopy photography using a digital camera with a fish‐eye lens (Coolpix995, Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evapotranspiration Characteristics Distinct to Mangrove Ecosystems Are Revealed by Multiple‐Site Observations and a Modified Two‐Source Model

Liang

Wei

Lee

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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A quantitative accounting of how mangrove ecosystems respond to tidal perturbations is needed to anticipate changes in these ecosystems when sea level rises. Here we use long-term field observations and a two-source ecohydrological model to reveal specialized characteristics of evapotranspiration (ET), soil surface evaporation (E), and canopy transpiration (T) in three subtropical mangrove ecosystems in southeastern China. Average wintertime ET observed in these three mangrove forests (2.6 mm day -1 ) was consistent with values for semiarid ecosystems, while average summertime ET (6.2 mm day -1 ) approached that observed in rainforests. By contrast, T fluxes were small year-round, averaging 1.3 mm day -1 in winter and 2.5 mm day -1 in summer. Combining our results with measurements from three Florida mangroves, observed values of T ranged from 350 to 870 mm year −1 , varying primarily with salinity, while T/ET increased exponentially from 30% to 70% with rising leaf area index. Simulations of half-hourly ET and T using a modified two-source model were highly correlated with eddy covariance observations of ET (I, index of agreement >0.93 at all three sites) and sap flow gauge-based estimates of T (I = 0.93 at the Yunxiao site). Variations of T in mangrove ecosystems are distinguished from those in terrestrial forests mainly by the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to leaf temperature, with tidal and salinity effects superimposed. Our modified model accounts for these effects and therefore holds promise for improving our understanding of how mangrove ecosystems may respond to changing stress conditions under global warming and sea level rise. Key Points:• Extension of the two-source model permits reliable half-hourly simulations of transpiration fluxes in three tidal mangrove ecosystems • Suppression of transpiration under high temperatures is stronger in mangroves than in well-watered ecosystems • The narrow temperature tolerance range and evident tidal effects imply potential further effects of climate change on mangrove transpiration Supporting Information:• Supporting Information S1

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“…Individual stems on the trees were selected to be representative of the entire range of stem diameters measured at 0.22 m ( d ) and at 1.30 m (diameter at breast height [DBH]) of height during an extensive inventory performed in February 2016. The F s was measured using the stem heat balance (SHB) technique (Baker & van Bavel, 1987; Sakuratani, 1981), as already successfully applied in previous studies on SRC (Allen et al., 1999; Bloemen et al., 2017; Hall, Allen, Rosier, & Hopkins, 1998; Tricker et al., 2009). A total of 24 SHB sap flow sensors were used (SGEX16, SGEX19, SGEX25 and SGB35, Dynamax Inc.) to operate in a wide range of stem diameters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the best plant water status indicator for bio‐energy poplar genotypes

2020

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This contribution provides better insights in the water relations and the physiological traits of four commercial poplar genotypes of different genetic background, 'Bakan', 'Oudenberg', 'Koster' and 'Grimminge'. The main continuous (nondestructive and providing continuous and automated data records) and discontinuous (destructive and not allowing automation) plant water status (PWS) indicators were monitored at a multigenotype, commercial-scale short-rotation coppice plantation in East-Flanders (Belgium), and their relationships with the principal environmental variables were assessed. All measurements were performed during the entire 2016 growing season on the third year of the third rotation in multistemmed trees. The discontinuous PWS indicators were measured on 10 separate days with a different evaporative demand and soil water content, while the continuous PWS indicators were recorded from April to November. The genotypes responded differently to environmental drivers and to soil conditions, based on the PWS indicators, featuring a different water behaviour in relation to the level of isohydricity. Poplar genotypes 'Koster' and 'Bakan' showed the typical water-conserving behaviour of isohydric species, while 'Grimminge' was more in line with the anisohydric ones. A principal component analysis showed that sap flow (F s ) was the most suitable PWS indicator. The F s and therefore the sap flow-based canopy transpiration (E c ) were tightly linked to the phenological stage of the trees as well as to vapour pressure deficit and photosynthetic photon flux density, based on relationships between E c and environmental variables. A quantitative predictive model was developed to estimate the crop water requirements for specific genotypes, by calculating transpiration per unit of ground area with a few environmental variables, monitored with easy-to-handle sensors.

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Water use of a multigenotype poplar short‐rotation coppice from tree to stand scale

Cited by 32 publications

References 64 publications

Genotypic variation in transpiration of coppiced poplar during the third rotation of a short‐rotation bio‐energy culture

Genotypic variation in transpiration of coppiced poplar during the third rotation of a short‐rotation bio‐energy culture

Evapotranspiration Characteristics Distinct to Mangrove Ecosystems Are Revealed by Multiple‐Site Observations and a Modified Two‐Source Model

Identifying the best plant water status indicator for bio‐energy poplar genotypes

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