Water usage in enteral feeding: Results of a PENG survey

Fleming, C.; Jones, Jacklyn; Julian, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.044

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…FS2, FS3, and FS4 used a powdered feed prepared with boiled tap water cooled to 40°C as per the manufacturer's instructions; however, the quality and availability of boiled water can vary between and within countries, as can guidance on what types of water can be used in enteral tube feeding. Different types of water were not tested in this research, and as water can be a source of bacterial contamination, this needs to be a consideration in the implementation of any changes to clinical practice 64 . Similarly, not all variations of enteral feeding regimens, that is, volume of bolus provided, rate provided and time between feeding sessions, have been explored here; however, from the literature and anecdotal feedback from UK healthcare professionals, FS1, FS3, and FS4 are representative of 24 h feeding regimens typically used in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of water were not tested in this research, and as water can be a source of bacterial contamination, this needs to be a consideration in the implementation of any changes to clinical practice. 64 Similarly, not all variations of enteral feeding regimens, that is, volume of bolus provided, rate provided and time between feeding sessions, have been explored here; however, from the literature and anecdotal feedback from UK healthcare professionals, FS1, FS3, and FS4 are representative of 24 h feeding regimens typically used in clinical practice. Furthermore, the controlled temperature scenarios of simulated elevated room temperature (24.0 ± 1.0°C) and refrigeration at 6.0 ± 2.0°C, may not be representative of storage temperatures in varying geographical locations, climates and seasons, which should be taken into consideration regarding the generalizability of these findings.…”

Section: Challenge Bacteria Fs1 Fs2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Appropriate handling and storage reduce the risk of bacterial growth in enteral feeding systems reused within 24 hours

Hubbard,

Van Wyk,

Grinyer

et al. 2023

Nut in Clin Prac

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BackgroundEnteral tube feeding can require considerable amounts of plastic equipment including delivery sets and containers, often disposed of after a single feeding session because of bacterial contamination concerns. The aim of this research was to assess whether reuse of delivery sets and containers for up to 24 h is safe from a microbiological perspective.MethodsFour enteral tube feeding systems (FS) were tested under hygienic controlled or repeated inoculation challenge conditions using key foodborne pathogens, to assess bacterial growth over time (FS1: ready‐to‐hang, closed 1‐L system with delivery set reused, stored at room temperature [RT]; FS2: a prepared, powdered, open 1‐L system with delivery set and container reused, stored at RT; FS3 and FS4: prepared, powdered, open 200‐ml bolus systems with delivery set and container reused, stored at RT [FS3] and refrigeration [FS4]). Feed samples were cultured at 0.5, 6.5, 12.5, 18.5, and 24.5 h with >2 Δlog considered significant bacterial growth.ResultsUnder hygienic control, FS1, FS3, and FS4 were below the level of enumeration (<5 CFU/g) for all bacteria tested, at all time points. In FS2, significant bacterial growth was observed from 18.5 h. Under repeated bacterial inoculation challenge, no significant growth was observed in FS1 and FS4 over 24.5 h; however, significant growth was observed in FS2 after 6.5 h and in FS3 after 10–12 h.ConclusionWith hygienic handling technique, there is limited bacterial growth with reuse of delivery sets and containers over 24 h. Refrigeration between feeding sessions and using boluses of reconstituted powdered feed reduce bacterial growth risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenge Bacteria Fs1 Fs2mentioning

confidence: 99%