Water transport mechanisms for salt-rejecting membranes driven by soil-water potentials

Henry, Coleman; Brant, Jonathan A.; Kelleners, T. J.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.041

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Potential driven membrane process is an alternative process that uses potential difference or stored energy as the main driving force [ 61 ]. This potential energy is suitable for promoting membrane processes aiming to transport individual species between two phases by means of electrochemical effect or osmosis.…”

Section: Membrane Processes Based On Various Separation Driving Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

2022

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The application of membrane processes in various fields has now undergone accelerated developments, despite the presence of some hurdles impacting the process efficiency. Fouling is arguably the main hindrance for a wider implementation of polymeric membranes, particularly in pressure-driven membrane processes, causing higher costs of energy, operation, and maintenance. Radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) is a powerful versatile technique for covalently imparting selected chemical functionalities to membrane surfaces, providing a potential solution to fouling problems. This article aims to systematically review the progress in modifications of polymeric membranes by RIGC of polar monomers onto membranes using various low- and high-energy radiation sources (UV, plasma, γ-rays, and electron beam) for fouling prevention. The feasibility of the modification method with respect to physico-chemical and antifouling properties of the membrane is discussed. Furthermore, the major challenges to the modified membranes in terms of sustainability are outlined and the future research directions are also highlighted. It is expected that this review would attract the attention of membrane developers, users, researchers, and scientists to appreciate the merits of using RIGC for modifying polymeric membranes to mitigate the fouling issue, increase membrane lifespan, and enhance the membrane system efficiency.

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Section: Membrane Processes Based On Various Separation Driving Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

2022

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“…Interactions between aqueous solutions and SAPs cause hydration, [35] hydrogen bonds, [35] swelling in ionic polymers, [28,33,36,37] and osmosis and osmotic pressure. [38,39] These phenomena can be modified by controlling the neutralization of polymeric chains and the amount of cross-linking in the SAP. More importantly, such modifications facilitate the design of SAPs that possess practical swelling capacities and degrees of stiffness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a novel, eco‐friendly, cellulose‐based superabsorbent polymer (Cellulo‐SAP): Absorbency, stability, reusability, and biodegradability

et al. 2022

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Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) have attracted tremendous attention recently, with researchers noting that their high water absorbability is valuable for various applications, especially in agricultural contexts. Two types of materials can be used to produce SAPs: Fossil-based (which are harmful to the environment) and bio-based (which are significantly more environmentally friendly, given their biodegradability and minimal toxic side effects). Although bio-based SAPs are preferable for environmental reasons, their synthesis tends to be time consuming and labour intensive, while their absorption capacity (AC) can be far below expectations. To address these problems, a novel, eco-friendly, cellulose-based superabsorbent polymer (Cellulo-SAP) was developed in this study through facile preparation via free radical synthesis using modified cellulose. Then, the absorbency, thermal/pH stability, reusability, and biodegradability of Cellulo-SAP were evaluated. This new polymer demonstrated reusability as a water reservoir, in addition to high thermal and pH stability.More importantly, Cellulo-SAP achieved an AC of 475 g/g and exhibited superior biodegradability compared to a commercial, fossil-based SAP. Accordingly, these results prove that Cellulo-SAP can be used in agriculture as an effective alternative to fossil-based SAPs.

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“…Other ways, such as subsurface irrigation technology on the basis of pervaporation irrigation systems are also utilized to reduce water consumption in the agricultural sector . Subsurface irrigation is used to increase irrigation water productivity by delivering small volumes of irrigation water to subsurface soils, which increases yields, decreases evaporative losses, and reduces weed density and water usage …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐clay nanocomposite hydrogels for molecular irrigation application

Rezazadeh

Sirousazar

Abbasi-Chianeh

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Novel nanocomposite hydrogel pipes on the basis of polyvinyl alcohol and montmorillonite (MMT) clay were prepared via a cyclic freezing-thawing technique and designed for subsurface irrigation in the agricultural sector with extraordinarily reduced water consumption. The results showed that the prepared nanocomposite hydrogel pipes had an exfoliated morphology with improved mechanical and thermal properties. It was shown that the gel contents of nanocomposite hydrogel pipes were increased by increasing the loading level of MMT and, in contrast, the swelling and drying abilities decreased. The water permeation and irrigating performances of the prepared pipes were investigated at the laboratory scale by taking into account the effects of the MMT loading levels in nanocomposite hydrogels and the thickness of pipes. The results indicated a significant decrease in water consumption in nanocomposite hydrogel pipes compared to the pure hydrogel pipe.

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Water transport mechanisms for salt-rejecting membranes driven by soil-water potentials

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

Fouling Prevention in Polymeric Membranes by Radiation Induced Graft Copolymerization

Performance of a novel, eco‐friendly, cellulose‐based superabsorbent polymer (Cellulo‐SAP): Absorbency, stability, reusability, and biodegradability

Polymer‐clay nanocomposite hydrogels for molecular irrigation application

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