Water toxicants: a comprehension on their health concerns, detection, and remediation

Sarkar, Saptarshy; Gill, Sukhbir Singh; Gupta, Ghanshyam Das; Verma, Sant Kumar

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20384-x

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Mineral Chinese medicines have been used in clinical practice for thousands of years; however, with the widely reported toxicity associated with heavy metals, the safety of Chinese medicines has been questioned (Chen et al, 2022b). The heavy metals and harmful elements in mineral Chinese medicines of most concern include Pb, Cd, As, Hg, and Cu, which are potentially toxic to the human brain, kidneys, and liver (Sarkar et al, 2022). However, mineral Chinese medicines are mainly derived from natural ores and contain elements such as As, Hg, and Pb, such as cinnabar, realgar, lead tetroxide, and so on (Li et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Quantification of 30 Elements in the Mineral Chinese Medicine Quartz Album by ICP-MS for the Identification of Different Geogenesis

Xu,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Pharmacognosy Magazine

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Background Quartz album is one of the mineral drugs commonly used in Chinese medicine. Different geogenesis of Quartz album led to differences in its composition and thus affected its clinical efficacy. Mineral Chinese medicines are mainly composed of inorganic elements, including some heavy metals and harmful elements, so their quality control is crucial to their clinical safety. Materials and Methods In this study, the contents of 30 elements in 13 batches Quartz album of different origins were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Multiple elements and chemometrics were used to distinguish its different geogenesis. Results We found that the top elements in order of content were as follows: Al>Fe>Ca>K>Mg>Ti>Mn, all with content greater than 100 µg/g. In addition, the contents ranges of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, and Cu were 1.603–637.705, 0.011–1.387, 0.348–41.298, 0.033–10.877, and 0.808–86.482 µg/g, respectively. Quartz albums produced in Fengyang County, Anhui Province, had the lowest content of heavy metals. Correlation analysis showed that there was a strong correlation among the elements in the samples. Chemometrics were used to analyze the elemental content, and the results of the different models were found to be consistent and could be used to distinguish between Quartz albums of different geogenesis. Conclusion This study provided a reference for the quality control and safety of the clinical application of Quartz album.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Quantification of 30 Elements in the Mineral Chinese Medicine Quartz Album by ICP-MS for the Identification of Different Geogenesis

Xu,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Pharmacognosy Magazine

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“…Metals like lead, aluminium, copper, cadmium, arsenic and halogenated residues adversely affect the central nervous system [55]. Several pollutants present in drinking water lead to health complications like lung cancer, gingivitis, nasal cancer, abdominal pain, severe vomiting, hormonal imbalance, skeletal damage, neuro-toxicities like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, renal toxicity and nephrotoxicity [56]. Low-cost delivery of safe drinking water has reported a decrease in the number of diarrhoea cases in rural India [57].…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Drinking Water as a Necessity in Developing Countries Like India: A Narrative review

Misra,

Paunikar

2023

Cureus

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Water is an indispensable part of human life. This article is an extensive review that focuses on the importance of water to sustain human life, the necessity of healthy, safe drinking water, and the health hazards of drinking untreated and contaminated water. We drink treated water thinking it to be safe without the knowledge that it, too, has harmful effects. Detrimental health effects due to water chlorination are mentioned in this article. The usage of nanoparticles for the treatment of water is an alternative to chlorination, but they are little in use as they are expensive. Transmission of waterborne diseases through drinking water is widespread in a developing country like India. A list of the pathogens contaminating drinking water is present in the review. Pathogens pollute water, and heavy metals and chemicals from industries, pesticides, pharmaceutical compounds, and radioactive waste also taint it. The harmful effects of metal and chemical toxicities on human health are discussed in this review. The government of India has launched several programmes to ensure clean, safe drinking water for all its residents. The study reflects on the treatment given to individuals suffering from waterborne diseases in India. Significant changes in health status in India have been seen recently after the execution of various government programmes to provide safe, healthy drinking water to all its residents.

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“…In recognition of this critical issue, the United Nations Minamata Convention on Mercury (MCM) came into effect on 16 August 2017 with the primary goal of reducing emissions (air) and discharge (water) of anthropogenic Hg and aiming to protect the environment and human health. However, Hg continues to be released into the environment from various sources, including the battery and paint industries, metal mining, and the chlorine-alkali and pesticide sectors [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Evidence for Hg Removal from Wastewater by Biologically Produced Sulfur

Jeong,

Park,

Yoon

et al. 2024

Toxics

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A significant quantity of biologically produced sulfur (BPS) is generated as a by-product of chemical and biological desulfurization processes applied to landfill gas treatment. The beneficial upcycling of BPS has seen limited use in the environmental context. The effectiveness and underlying mechanism of BPS as an adsorbent for removing Hg2+ from both solution and wastewater were elucidated based on experiments encompassing surface characterization, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. The BPS exhibited remarkable efficacy in removing Hg2+ from solution, with the Langmuir model accurately describing the adsorption process and showing a maximum adsorption capacity of 244 mg g−1. Surface analysis through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that Hg2+ complexed with sulfide on BPS surfaces, forming stable HgS. The adsorbed Hg was strongly retained in BPS, with less than 0.2% of the adsorbed Hg desorbed by strong acids. Adsorption kinetics followed the double-exponential first-order model, showing an initial rapid adsorption phase wherein 75% of the initial Hg2+ was removed within 5 min, followed by a slower adsorption rate. The thermodynamic parameters suggested that adsorption of Hg2+ by BPS was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Additionally, BPS effectively removed Hg2+ from wastewater, showing preference for Hg over other co-existing metals. These findings underscore the potential of BPS as an effective adsorbent for Hg2+ removal from wastewater.

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Water toxicants: a comprehension on their health concerns, detection, and remediation

Cited by 20 publications

References 122 publications

Simultaneous Quantification of 30 Elements in the Mineral Chinese Medicine Quartz Album by ICP-MS for the Identification of Different Geogenesis

Simultaneous Quantification of 30 Elements in the Mineral Chinese Medicine Quartz Album by ICP-MS for the Identification of Different Geogenesis

Healthy Drinking Water as a Necessity in Developing Countries Like India: A Narrative review

Mechanistic Evidence for Hg Removal from Wastewater by Biologically Produced Sulfur

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