Water stress induces up‐regulation of DOF1 and MIF1 transcription factors and down‐regulation of proteins involved in secondary metabolism in amaranth roots (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)

Abstract

Roots are the primary sites of water stress perception in plants. The aim of this work was to study differential expression of proteins and transcripts in amaranth roots (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) when the plants were grown under drought stress. Changes in protein abundance within the roots were examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis and LC/ESI-MS/MS, and the differential expression of transcripts was evaluated with suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH). Induction of drought stress decreased relative water content in leaves and increased solutes such as proline and total soluble sugars in roots. Differentially expressed proteins such as SOD(Cu-Zn) , heat shock proteins, signalling-related and glycine-rich proteins were identified. Up-regulated transcripts were those related to defence, stress, signalling (Ser, Tyr-kinases and phosphatases) and water transport (aquaporins and nodulins). More noteworthy was identification of the transcription factors DOF1, which has been related to several plant-specific biological processes, and MIF1, whose constitutive expression has been related to root growth reduction and dwarfism. The down-regulated genes/proteins identified were related to cell differentiation (WOX5A) and secondary metabolism (caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, isoflavone reductase-like protein and two different S-adenosylmethionine synthetases). Amaranth root response to drought stress appears to involve a coordinated response of osmolyte accumulation, up-regulation of proteins that control damage from reactive oxygen species, up-regulation of a family of heat shock proteins that stabilise other proteins and up-regulation of transcription factors related to plant growth control.

Proteomic analysis of differentially accumulated proteins during ripening and in response to 1-MCP in papaya fruit

“…The instrument was coupled online to a nanoAcquity ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system (Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA). Mass calibration of the hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap spectrometer and peptide separation was performed as described previously [24]. Spectra were acquired in automated mode using informationdependent acquisition.…”

Crystal structure of a major seed storage protein, 11S proglobulin, from Amaranthus hypochondriacus: Insight into its physico-chemical properties

“…It is one of the few non-grass species that is comparable to cereal crop as a source of dietary proteins. It is popular for its high amount of easily digestible protein, high level of lysine and sulphur-containing amino acids, good source of bioactive peptides (Silva-Sanchez et al, 2008;Vecchi & Anon, 2009), non-allergenic 11S globulin (Sinagawa-Garcia et al, 2004), and high resistance over adverse agronomical conditions like drought, heat and some pests (Huerta-Ocampo et al, 2011;National Research Council, 1984). For these reasons, amaranth has been receiving increased attention in research.…”

Effect of cobalt chloride on soybean seedlings subjected to cadmium stress

“…Increase in DOF1 and bZIP62 mRNA levels in response to Cd [6] and the fact that DOF1 was induced by drought stress in amaranth roots and bZIP62 conferred tolerance to low temperatures and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, suggests that both transcription factors are involved in the regulation of genes expression under various stress conditions [48,49]. Therefore, observed in the present study Co-dependent decrease in DOF1 and bZIP62 expression might lead to alterations in the expression pattern of Cdresponsive genes.…”