Water splitting proton-barriers for mineral membrane fouling control and their optimization by accurate pulsed modes of electrodialysis

Cifuentes-Araya, Nicolás; Pourcelly, G.; Bazinet, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2013.06.055

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In this case, the dissociated OH - ions of water will combine with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions and will precipitate on the surface of cation exchange membranes. The substantial inorganic scaling fouling in the cation exchange membrane is consistent with numerous studies [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Cifuentes-Araya and co-authors [ 42 ] found that divalent cations precipitation with OH - ions produced by significant water splitting was reinforced by an important OH - leakage through CEM that highly alkalinized the membrane interfaces, and also counteracted the demineralization.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Electrodialytic Desalination of Tobacco Sheet Extract: Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Mitigation Strategies

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2020

Membranes

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In the papermaking industry (reconstituted tobacco), a large number of tobacco stems, dust, and fines are discharged in the wastewater. This high salinity wastewater rich in ionic constituents and nicotine is difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment and is a serious threat that needs to be overcome. Electrodialysis (ED) has proved a feasible technique to remove the inorganic components in the papermaking wastewater. However, the fouling in ion exchange membranes causes deterioration of membranes, which causes a decrease in the flux and an increase in the electrical resistance of the membranes. In this study, the fouling potential of the membranes was analyzed by comparing the properties of the pristine and fouled ion exchange membranes. The physical and chemical properties of the ion exchange membranes were investigated in terms of electrical resistance, water content, and ion exchange capacity, as well as studied by infrared spectroscopy (IR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The results indicated that the membrane fouling is caused by two different mechanisms. For the anion exchange membranes, the fouling is mainly caused by the charged organic anions. For the cation exchange membrane, the fouling is caused by minerals such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. These metal ions reacted with OH− ions generated by water dissociation and precipitated on the membrane surface. The chemical cleaning with alkaline and acid could mitigate the fouling potential of the ion exchange membranes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Electrodialytic Desalination of Tobacco Sheet Extract: Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Mitigation Strategies

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2020

Membranes

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“…The differences in the scaling structure between both PEF conditions evidently indicate the direct influence of PEF on the formation and development of certain types of crystal structures [8,23]. Comparing the scaling structures of CMX-SB-1 and CMX-SB-2 with previous structures observed by Mikhaylin et al [8] for a CMX-SB membrane in the same PEF conditions, it may be noted that scaling structures were different in all cases.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…This current density is higher than limiting current density [8] and was chosen in order to explore a possible scaling mitigation when water splitting and current-induced convection occurred and to compare our results with those reported by CifuentesAraya et al [5,23]. The model salt solution was composed of Na 2 CO 3 (1000 mg/L), KCl (800 mg/L), CaCl 2 (800 mg/L) and MgCl 2 (452 mg/L) in order to maintain a Mg/Ca ratio of 2/5 [10]: this ratio is twice as much compared to that in milk [24] to ensure membrane scaling formation [5,10,23]. The model salt solution was prepared immediately before the beginning of ED process.…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

How physico-chemical and surface properties of cation-exchange membrane affect membrane scaling and electroconvective vortices: Influence on performance of electrodialysis with pulsed electric field

et al. 2016

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“…Future studies could study scale control using pulsed-modes of current, membranes with different properties and electroconvective vortices which occur at overlimiting current (Cifuentes-Araya et al 2013, Cifuentes-Araya et al 2014, Mikhaylin et al, 2014. In addition, prior to full-scale operation, organic fouling formed on the diluate side of the AEM should be analyzed to determine whether pre-treatment removal or ED reversal (EDR) need to be applied to control fouling formation.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting scale formation during electrodialytic nutrient recovery

et al. 2017

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Electro-concentration of nutrients from waste streams is a promising technology to enable resource recovery, but has several operational concerns. One key concern is the formation of inorganic scale on the concentrate side of cation exchange membranes when recovering nutrients from wastewaters containing calcium, magnesium, phosphorous and carbonate, commonly present in anaerobic digester rejection water. Electrodialytic nutrient recovery was trialed on anaerobic digester rejection water in a laboratory scale electro-concentration unit without treatment (A), following struvite recovery (B), and following struvite recovery as well as concentrate controlled at pH 5 for scaling control (C). Treatment A resulted in large amount of scale, while treatment B significantly reduced the amount of scale formation with reduction in magnesium phosphates, and treatment C reduced the amount of scale further by limiting the formation of calcium carbonates. Treatment C resulted in an 87 ± 7% by weight reduction in scale compared to treatment A. A mechanistic model for the inorganic processes was validated using a previously published general precipitation model based on saturation index. The model attributed the reduction in struvite scale to the removal of phosphate during the struvite pre-treatment, and the reduction in calcium carbonate scale to pH control resulting in the stripping of carbonate as carbon dioxide gas. This indicates that multiple strategies may be required to control precipitation, and that mechanistic models can assist in developing a combined approach.

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Water splitting proton-barriers for mineral membrane fouling control and their optimization by accurate pulsed modes of electrodialysis

Cited by 38 publications

References 18 publications

Electrodialytic Desalination of Tobacco Sheet Extract: Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Mitigation Strategies

Electrodialytic Desalination of Tobacco Sheet Extract: Membrane Fouling Mechanism and Mitigation Strategies

How physico-chemical and surface properties of cation-exchange membrane affect membrane scaling and electroconvective vortices: Influence on performance of electrodialysis with pulsed electric field

Predicting scale formation during electrodialytic nutrient recovery

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