Water sorption in amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Launay, A.; Thominette, F.; Verdú, J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990815)73:7<1131::aid-app4>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 49 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Strictly speaking, E act might change at T g of the matrix and is also a function of temperature above T g , thus complicating the interpretation of this value as an Arrhenius activation energy (Kumins and Roteman, 1961;Launay et al, 1999;Cai et al, 2002). Since our measurements are either mostly below or mostly above the T g of the respective matrix, we relate ζ o A to T g according to…”

Section: A2 Parameterization Of D W (T a W )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscous organic aerosol particles in the upper troposphere: diffusivity-controlled water uptake and ice nucleation?

Lienhard

Huisman

Krieger³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

119

190

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Abstract. New measurements of water diffusion in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) material produced by oxidation of α-pinene and in a number of organic/inorganic model mixtures (3-methylbutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (3-MBTCA), levoglucosan, levoglucosan/NH 4 HSO 4 , raffinose) are presented. These indicate that water diffusion coefficients are determined by several properties of the aerosol substance and cannot be inferred from the glass transition temperature or bouncing properties. Our results suggest that water diffusion in SOA particles is faster than often assumed and imposes no significant kinetic limitation on water uptake and release at temperatures above 220 K. The fast diffusion of water suggests that heterogeneous ice nucleation on a glassy core is very unlikely in these systems. At temperatures below 220 K, model simulations of SOA particles suggest that heterogeneous ice nucleation may occur in the immersion mode on glassy cores which remain embedded in a liquid shell when experiencing fast updraft velocities. The particles absorb significant quantities of water during these updrafts which plasticize their outer layers such that these layers equilibrate readily with the gas phase humidity before the homogeneous ice nucleation threshold is reached. Glass formation is thus unlikely to restrict homogeneous ice nucleation. Only under most extreme conditions near the very high tropical tropopause may the homogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficient be reduced as a consequence of slow condensed-phase water diffusion. Since the differences between the behavior limited or non limited by diffusion are small even at the very high tropical tropopause, condensed-phase water diffusivity is unlikely to have significant consequences on the direct climatic effects of SOA particles under tropospheric conditions.

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Section: A2 Parameterization Of D W (T a W )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscous organic aerosol particles in the upper troposphere: diffusivity-controlled water uptake and ice nucleation?

Lienhard

Huisman

Krieger³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

119

190

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We consider the case that the diffusivity of water in refractory organic matter is equivalent to that through organic polymers used in food industry, such as PolyEthylene Terephthalate (PET). In amorphous PET, the diffusivity of water D varies between 0.5 and 8.3 ×10 −12 m 2 s −1 for temperatures between 20 • C and 70 • C (Launay et al 1999). The characteristic diffusion timescale, τ , for a particle of dimension l can be approximated as τ = D × l 2 .…”

Section: Diffusion Of Water In the Organic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accretion and Preservation of D-Rich Organic Particles in Carbonaceous Chondrites: Evidence for Important Transport in the Early Solar System Nebula

Rémusat

Guan

Wang

et al. 2010

ApJ

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We have acquired NanoSIMS images of the matrices of CI, CM, and CR carbonaceous chondrites to study, in situ, the organic matter trapped during the formation of their parent bodies. D/H ratio images reveal the occurrence of D-rich hot spots, constituting isolated organic particles. Not all the organic particles are D-rich hot spots, indicating that at least two kinds of organic particles have been accreted in the parent bodies. Ratio profiles through D-rich hot spots indicate that no significant self-diffusion of deuterium occurs between the D-rich organic matter and the depleted hydrous minerals that are surrounding them. This is not the result of a physical shielding by any constituent of the chondrites. Ab initio calculations indicate that it cannot be explained by isotopic equilibrium. Then it appears that the organic matter that is extremely enriched in D does not exchange with the hydrous minerals, or this exchange is so slow that it is not significant over the 4.5 billion year history on the parent body. If we consider that the D-rich hot spots are the result of an exposure to intense irradiation, then it appears that carbonaceous chondrites accreted organic particles that have been brought to different regions of the solar nebula. This is likely the result of important radial and vertical transport in the early solar system.

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“…Miyagi et al 21 studied the etching of crystalline PET by hydrolysis, Campanelli et al 17 studied the kinetics of PET hydrolysis at high temperatures, and Thominette et al 22,23 studied the water-sorption characteristics of PET amorphous foil.…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the hydrolytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) under microwave irradiation

Zhang

Song

Zhang

et al. 2011

Polym J

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The kinetic processes of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hydrolytic depolymerization under microwave irradiation were studied in detail. Potentiometric titration, ebullioscopy and the methods of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used. The microwave depolymerization reaction of PET occurred in the interior and on the exterior of PET simultaneously and did not involve only one kinetic process. The depolymerization process was divided into at least two stages, for example, the stages before and after random chain scissioning. The corresponding activation energies were 142 and 378 kJ mol À1 , respectively, which were much higher than the activation energy of the thermal depolymerization of heating.

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Water sorption in amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Viscous organic aerosol particles in the upper troposphere: diffusivity-controlled water uptake and ice nucleation?

Viscous organic aerosol particles in the upper troposphere: diffusivity-controlled water uptake and ice nucleation?

Accretion and Preservation of D-Rich Organic Particles in Carbonaceous Chondrites: Evidence for Important Transport in the Early Solar System Nebula

Kinetics of the hydrolytic depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) under microwave irradiation

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