Water-soluble vitamins in cells and spent culture supernatants of Poteriochromonas stipitata, Euglena gracilis, and Tetrahymena thermophila

Baker, Elliott R.; McLaughlin, John J. A.; Hutner, S. H.; DeAngelis, Barbara; Feingold, Susan; Frank, Oscar; Baker, Herman

doi:10.1007/bf00414703

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It was established as a highly valuable source of protein with high methionine content, which is a characteristic of animal proteins (Kott and Wachs 1964;Hosotani and Kitaoka 1977;Kitaoka and Hosotani 1977). E. gracilis also contains all essential vitamins and nutritionally important polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid in the cells (Stern et al 1960;Baker et al 1981) (euglena Co., Ltd., unpublished). In addition, recent studies have demonstrated the functionality of the Euglena-specific reserve polysaccharide, paramylon (Sugiyama et al 2009(Sugiyama et al , 2010Watanabe et al 2013), suggesting the commercial potential of E. gracilis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Large-Scale Cultivation of Euglena

Suzuki¹

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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From the middle of the twentieth century, microalgae have been exploited as a candidate biomass source of food and other products. One such candidate source is the fast-proliferating microalga Euglena gracilis. The commercial cultivation of E. gracilis began in 2007, after the success of its outdoor mass cultivation and improvement of the harvesting and drying methods suitable for Euglena cells. The commercialization of Euglena production is based on the strategy of "5Fs of Biomass," which refers to the development and production of commercial products including food, fiber, feed, fertilizer, and fuel from biomass." Although room for improvement remains in the productivity of Euglena biomass, the product with the highest value-food-is already profitable. By enhancing the productivity of its biomass, other Euglena products, including fiber, feed, fertilizer, and fuel, can be commercialized. Breeding and recombinant DNA technology studies are being conducted to accomplish more extensive application of Euglena. In addition, the search for a better place for outdoor mass cultivation of Euglena is ongoing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Large-Scale Cultivation of Euglena

Suzuki¹

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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“…E. gracilis Z has been shown to synthesize, store (39.0 ng mg −1 dry weight), and excrete (39 ng ml −1 medium) riboflavin (Baker et al 1981). Intracellular riboflavin, FMN, and FAD showed constant levels during growth of light-and dark-adapted E. gracilis Z, but decreased temporarily in the logarithmic growth phase in light-and dark-adapted bleached mutant cells (Ochi et al 1988a, b).…”

Section: Vitamin B2mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…gracilis Z has the ability to synthesize and store 29.7 ng mg −1 dry weight of nicotinate, and excrete large amounts (580 ng mg −1 dry weight) of the vitamin into the surrounding medium (Baker et al 1981). The de novo pathway and salvage (recycling) pathway (Ying 2008;Hashida et al 2009) (Pollak et al 2007;Turner et al 2004;Berrin et al 2005;Chai et al 2005Chai et al , 2006.…”

Section: Niacinmentioning

confidence: 98%

Biochemistry and Physiology of Vitamins in Euglena

Watanabe

Yoshimura

Shigeoka

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Euglena gracilis Z requires vitamins B1 and B12 for growth. It takes up and accumulates large amounts of these exogenous vitamins through energy-dependent active transport systems. Except for these essential vitamins, E. gracilis Z has the ability to synthesize all human vitamins. Euglena synthesizes high levels of antioxidant vitamins such as vitamins C and E, and, thus, are used as nutritional supplements for humans and domestic animals. Methods to effectively produce vitamins in Euglena have been investigated.Previous biochemical studies indicated that E. gracilis Z contains several vitamin-related novel synthetic enzymes and metabolic pathways which suggests that it is a highly suitable organism for elucidating the physiological functions of vitamins in comparative biochemistry and biological evolution. E. gracilis Z has an unusual biosynthetic pathway for vitamin C, a hybrid of the pathways found in animals and plants. This chapter presents up-to-date information on the biochemistry and physiological functions of vitamins in this organism.

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“…They also reported euglenoids as dominant group due to increased mixing of waste water/sewage in the fresh water channels. Euglena gracilisis capable of producing vitamin E and biotin in significant amounts (Baker et al,1981;Tani&Tsumura,1989). This species is also recorded with abundant status in the study area and can be used for extraction of these valuable products.…”

Section: Tychonema-euglenaeuglena(tee)/group-4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analyses of algal diversity from highly polluted sites of sawan river Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Khan¹,

Ahmed²,

Qureshi³

et al. 2017

PJWSR

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The anthropogenic activities resulted in degradation of various ecosystems leading toward changes in the floristic composition of the simple microscopic algae to highly complex plants. Keeping this into consideration, a detailed limnological study was conducted from March 2008 to February 2011 from four highly polluted sites of the Sawan River to assess the algal groups and their associated species through indicator species analysis (ISA) and hierarchical clustering. Species diversity, richness and evenness values of each group were calculated and abundance status of algal species was assigned based on species importance value index. Seasonal and annual variations in algal composition were assessed by using Multi-Response Permutation Procedure (MRPP). A total of 36 algal species belonged to five different phyla were recorded. On the basis of species average annual importance value index, 8 species were recognized as rare, 11 less common, 11 common and 6 as abundant. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that total observed variations in the species data were 0.9656 (constrained: 0.3897, unconstrained: 0.5759), thus explanatory variables contributed 40.36% variability. Water turbidity, electrical conductance and rainfall were observed as important explanatory variables; whereas least contribution was made by total dissolved solids and pH variables. On the basis of present findings, the Sawan River is recognized as wastewater and garbage disposal channel rather than a stabilized lotic natural freshwater source in the study area.

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Water-soluble vitamins in cells and spent culture supernatants of Poteriochromonas stipitata, Euglena gracilis, and Tetrahymena thermophila

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Large-Scale Cultivation of Euglena

Large-Scale Cultivation of Euglena

Biochemistry and Physiology of Vitamins in Euglena

Multivariate analyses of algal diversity from highly polluted sites of sawan river Rawalpindi, Pakistan

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