Water-soluble polymers. 72. synthesis and solution behavior of responsive copolymers of acrylamide and the zwitterionic monomer 6-(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyldimethylammonio) hexanoate

Abstract

A novel carboxybetaine monomer, 6‐(2‐Acrylamido‐2‐methylpropyldimethylammonio) hexanoate (AMPDAH), has been synthesized and copolymerized with acrylamide in an aqueous NaBr solution. The feed ratio of AM (M1): AMPDAB(M2), was varied from 98.5 : 2.5 to 0 : 100 mol %. The polymerizations were carried out to 20–30% conversion. Copolymer compositions were determined with 13C NMR by integration of the amido carbonyl resonances. Reactivity ratios determined from the nonlinear least‐squares method gave values of r1 = 0.98 and r2 = 0.85, indicating random incorporation of the comonomers into the final copolymer. Molecular weights ranged from 7.3 to 4.7 × 106 g/mol. The solubility behavior of the copolymers is dependent on the mol % AMPDAH incorporated into the copolymers. When 25 mol % or more is incorporated, the copolymers are only swellable in aqueous media and attempts to solubilize these systems were unsuccessful. AMPDAH incorporation of 10 mol % or less resulted in copolymers soluble in aqueous media under a variety of conditions. The viscometric properties of copolymers with 10 mol % or less is reported as a function of pH and added electrolytes. At high pH in deionized water, the polyzwitterions show both inter‐ and intramolecular associations, which are disrupted by the addition of sodium chloride. In deionized water, as the pH of the aqueous medium is lowered, the copolymers exhibit dramatic increases in viscosity as the carboxylate groups are protonated and charge–charge repulsions of the quaternary ammonium groups induce polyelectrolyte behavior. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Synthesis and Aqueous Solution Behavior of Novel pH Responsive, Zwitterionic Cyclocopolymers

“…For example, homopolymers synthesized from zwitterionic monomers yield polyampholytes with zero net charge. Both sulfobetaines (17,18,19,20,21,22,23) and carboxybetaines (24, 25,26,27,28) have been reported in the literature. The carboxybetaine polymers offer the possibility of pH responsiveness through protonation of the carboxylate group, converting the zwitterion to a cation (27,29 ).…”

Zwitterionic Ion-Exchangers in Liquid Chromatography

“…However a renewal of interest has been noted in recent years in relation to the development of polysulfobetaines and polycarboxybetaines. [4][5][6] …”

New Polyacrylamide [PAM] Material Formulations for the Coagulation/Flocculation/Decantation Process

“…The 1 H NMR spectrum of AM1A0.1W20 copolymer is shown in Fig. 1 and the related spectral data are reported on the Table 2 [15,16] and confirms its chemical structure. The signal at 4.7 ppm corresponds to the protons of the solvent.…”

“…Then, the OHfunctions are firstly neutralized (V 1 = 24.16 mL), followed by the COO -functions neutralization which corresponds to the volume (V 2 -V 1 ). This volume is determined as follows: 16 & 50.7-24.2 = 26.5 mL) (Fig. 3).…”