Water-soluble phosphorus in fresh broiler litter is dependent upon phosphorus concentration fed but not on fungal phytase supplementation

Applegate, T. J.; Joern, B. C.; Nussbaum-Wagler, DL; Angel, R.

doi:10.1093/ps/82.6.1024

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…), feed is supplemented with mineral P to ensure birds absorb sufficient quantities of P. However, P is inefficiently utilized by birds, with about 30% of ingested P utilized [18]. The remaining P (~70%) passes though the bird's digestive tract and is excreted [19].…”

Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Composition of Dust Emitted from Poultry Broiler Houses in Northwest Arkansas

Herron¹,

Brye²,

Sharpley³

et al. 2015

JEP

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A substantial body of research has been conducted on the potential water quality impairments associated with land application of poultry broiler litter. However, until recently, little attention has focused on the potential for nutrient runoff from dust emitted from broiler production houses despite related air quality concerns raised by the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency. The objective of this study was to characterize the composition of broiler house dust (BHD) and compare BHD composition to that of broiler litter (BL). Dust composition varied significantly (P < 0.05) among facilities operated by different integrator companies, likely due to differences in feed and house management among integrators. Specifically, BHD pH was lower (P < 0.05) in Facility 1 than in Facilities 2 and 3, which did not differ, whereas BHD K and Ca were greatest (P < 0.05) in Facility 1 and 2, respectively. The facility average moisture content of BHD was at least 1.9 times lower than that for the BL from the same facility. The facility average total phosphorus (TP) and water extractable phosphorus (WEP) concentrations in BHD were at least 1.2 and 1.6 times greater, respectively, than that for BL from the same facility. The greater WEP in BHD than in BL is of particular environmental importance given that extensive research shows WEP to be a major variable influencing P runoff risk. The facility average total nitrogen (TN) concentration in BHD was at least 3.0 times greater than that for BL from the same facility. As TP, WEP, and TN are greater in BHD than in BL, there is a greater risk of nutrient enrichment of runoff from an equivalent mass of BHD than BL. The results of this study highlight the need for careful management of dust emissions from broiler houses and a need for conservation practices to minimize the risk of BHD increasing nutrient runoff and its loss to waters of the US.

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Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Composition of Dust Emitted from Poultry Broiler Houses in Northwest Arkansas

Herron¹,

Brye²,

Sharpley³

et al. 2015

JEP

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“…DeLaune et al (2001) reported increased soluble phosphorus runoff from the litter of broilers given dietary phytase. However, Applegate et al (2003) reported that watersoluble phosphorus concentrations in broiler litter were not affected by the concentration of phosphorus given, relative to bird requirements, when phytase was added to the diet. More research is needed on calcium and phosphorus requirements of market age turkeys to ensure that phytase is used properly to help reduce the water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter while maintaining growth performance and bone integrity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of phytase concentration needed for growing–finishing commercial turkey toms

Roberson

Klunzinger

Charbeneau

et al. 2005

British Poultry Science

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1. Growth performance, serum bone markers, and bone strength and mineralisation were determined in tom turkeys grown from 9 to 17 weeks of age. 2. Dietary non-phytate phosphorus was formulated to be reduced by 1.0 g/kg in the low phosphorus diet compared to a control diet and phytase was added to provide 0, 150, 300, 450 or 600 units/kg activity to the low phosphorus diet. 3. From 9 to 12 weeks of age, body weight and gain:food were reduced by the low phosphorus diet without added phytase, compared to the adequate phosphorus diet. Increasing the concentration of phytase linearly increased these growth parameters. There were no significant growth responses at 17 weeks of age. 4. Serum osteocalcin was reduced by increasing dietary phosphorus at 12 weeks of age when growth was affected, but not at later ages. Serum pyridinoline was reduced by higher dietary phosphorus and decreased linearly with increasing phytase activity at 17 weeks of age. 5. Fracture force of the ulna and femur increased linearly with increasing phytase activity but bone strength was not affected when corrected for bone cross-sectional area. Bone strength of the ulna and ash concentration of the ulna and tibia were increased by higher dietary phosphorus. Humerus and ulna ash increased linearly with increasing phytase activity. 6. Water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter was increased by higher dietary phosphorus and addition of phytase to the low phosphorus diet. The increase in water-soluble phosphorus content of the litter when phytase was fed may indicate that phosphorus could be fed at a lower concentration than used in this trial, at least in the finisher diet when phytase is added to the food. 7. Bone fracture force, strength and ash were generally optimised when 450 units/kg phytase activity was added to the low phosphorus diet. However, growth performance was best in the grower I (9 to 12 weeks) phase when 600 units/kg phytase was added to the diet.

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“…It is noteworthy that dietary total P concentrations were lower in the study of Applegate et al (2003). The ecological benefits of phytase supplemented broiler diets, formulated to reduced non-phytate-P specifications, coupled with minimal increases in litter moisture during storage were emphasised by McGrath et al (2005).…”

Section: Effect Of Exogenous Enzyme Supplementation On the Overall Pementioning

confidence: 97%

“…For example, Miles et al (2003) reported that while phytase supplementation of maize-soy diets reduced total P in broiler litter, levels of soluble P were increased (2.85 g kg −1 versus 2.17 g kg −1 ). In contrast, however, Applegate et al (2003) compared standard maize-soy broiler diet with three different phytase-supplemented diets. Overall, phytase reduced total P in fresh litter by 32.2% (7.55 g kg −1…”

Section: Effect Of Exogenous Enzyme Supplementation On the Overall Pementioning

confidence: 99%

A review on role of exogenous enzyme supplementation in poultry<br>production

Munir

Maqsood

2013

Emir. J. Food Agric

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Monogastric animals like poultry, pigs, etc. lack the alloenzymes from rumen microflora and thus it become necessary to incorporate the enzymes in their diets in order to derive optimal nutrient utilization from complex feed matric. Feed enzymes are added to animal feed to increase the availability of nutrient by digesting the feed components during storage or after consumption within the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the enzymes that have been used over the past several years and have potential for use in the feed industry include cellulase (β-glucanases), xylanases and associated enzymes, phytases, proteases, lipases, and galactosidases. Most of the enzymes used in the feed industry have been applied for poultry to neutralize the effects of the viscous, nonstarch polysaccharides in cereals such as barley, wheat, rye, and triticale. Recently, considerable interest has been shown in the use of phytase as a feed additive. The addition of phytase to feed improves phosphorus utilization in both ruminant and monogastric animals, reducing the need for supplemental inorganic phosphate and helps in reducing the environmental problems that arise from organic phosphate excretion. Thus, enzyme supplementation in the feed play an important role in increasing the availability of nutrients and retarding the adverse effect of anti-nutritional factors present in the feed components. This review aims to elucidate the different enzymes being used in the poultry industry and their efficiency in increasing the poultry production.

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Water-soluble phosphorus in fresh broiler litter is dependent upon phosphorus concentration fed but not on fungal phytase supplementation

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

Nutrient Composition of Dust Emitted from Poultry Broiler Houses in Northwest Arkansas

Nutrient Composition of Dust Emitted from Poultry Broiler Houses in Northwest Arkansas

Evaluation of phytase concentration needed for growing–finishing commercial turkey toms

A review on role of exogenous enzyme supplementation in poultry<br>production

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