Water Solubilization and Chain Length Compatibility in Nonionic Microemulsions

Garti, Nissim; Aserin, Abraham; Ezrahi, S.; Wachtel, Ellen

doi:10.1006/jcis.1995.1053

Cited by 63 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…The last column in Table 1 lists the total monophasic area, A T (ratio of the area of the one-phase region to the total area of the phase diagram in percent) in each of the ternary systems. A T has been introduced previously as a solubilization parameter (17,18). One can clearly see that when the dodecanol is used as the oil phase the amount of solubilized water increased dramatically.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water Solubilization in Nonionic Microemulsions Stabilized by Grafted Siliconic Emulsifiers

Garti

Aserin

Wachtel

et al. 2001

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water Solubilization in Nonionic Microemulsions Stabilized by Grafted Siliconic Emulsifiers

Garti

Aserin

Wachtel

et al. 2001

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Two suitable solubilization parameters were used in this work: the maximal amount of solubilized water, denoted W m (9), and the total isotropic monophasic area, denoted A T (10). W m was determined by titration of the oil phase with water (or water-diol mixture), as previously reported (9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and investigation of microemulsions based on jojoba oil and nonionic surfactants

Shevachman

Shani

Garti

2004

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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The properties of jojoba oil make it uniquely suited as a raw material for the cosmetics industry. Water-based, thermodynamically stable preparations of jojoba oil are essential in many formulations. New microemulsions were prepared based on jojoba oil and different nonionic surfactants, namely polyoxyethylene-(ethylene oxide) 10 -oleyl alcohol (Brij 96V) and ethoxylated sorbitan esters (Tweens). The effects of the surfactants and of primary alcohols as cosurfactants on the isotropic regions of the phase diagram were elucidated. It was found that, up to a certain cosurfactant chain length, the isotropic region expanded considerably as chain length increased. The size of the isotropic region also increased as a function of the ethylene glycol content of the aqueous phase in microemulsions based on ethoxylated alcohol but shrank when ethylene glycol was included in microemulsions prepared with ethoxylated sorbitan esters. Secondary structural phase transitions from water-in-oil to bicontinuous and to oil-in-water structures (as determined by measuring conductivity and viscosity) were found to be related to jojoba oil content. Dynamic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering studies established that incorporation of jojoba oil into Brij 96V micelles caused micellar transformation from elongated to spherical droplets and a decrease in the aggregation number.Jojoba liquid wax (also called jojoba oil) is a stable, highly lipophilic, non-toxic "oily" material obtained from the seeds of the desert plant jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) (Fig. 1). This unique oil differs from common vegetable oils and animal fats in that it is composed mainly (97%) of linear long-chain esters, which are characteristic components of waxes. More than 80% of these are esters of C 18 -, C 20 -, C 22 -, and C 24 -chain monounsaturated alcohols and acids (1).Jojoba wax resists oxidation even at elevated temperatures and can remain chemically unchanged for years. Owing to its excellent ability to penetrate the skin and high resistance to oxidation, jojoba wax is widely used as a component in cosmetics. Its derivatives have potential applications in a variety of commercial fields, including pharmaceuticals and lubrication (1). Numerous recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating jojoba as an oil phase in formulas containing active compounds to enhance the efficacy of topical drugs (2,3).The growing interest in microemulsions (ME) for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications is linked to their physicochemical properties-thermodynamic stability, spontaneous formation, clear appearance, low viscosity, and high solubilization capacity (4). A particularly attractive possibility is that of using ME to enhance the efficacy of molecularly solubilized, hydrophobic, biologically active compounds by providing a readily controlled, stable medium for the solubilized components, together, perhaps, with protection against degradative reactions (5).The use of alcohols as cosurfactants in the preparation of ME has a long history. Alcoho...

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“…In a previous report [6], we discussed the effect of normal alcohols on water solubilization in a nonionic quaternary model system and the observed data were construed in terms of the BSO (Bansal, Shah, O'Connell) (or chain length compatibility) [15][16][17][18][19][20] equation and, more profoundly, via the Hou & Shah phenomenological mechanism [21][22][23]. The present paper is an extension of that work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The construction of pseudo-ternary phase diagrams for the systems studied was conducted by titration of selected combinations of surfactant, cosurfactant, and oil (cosurfactant/oil weight ratio was usually fixed at 1:1) with water at 27 ± 0.2 • C. The entire procedure is described elsewhere [6,12,13,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Determination Of Monophasic Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term solubilization is used (in common with numerous researchers) in the present articles to describe the process of enhancing the solubility of insoluwith one facet of solubilization, the incorporation of water in microemulsions. This is the subject of an ongoing investigation in our group [6][7][8][9][10]. Knowledge of the maximum amount of water that can be solubilized in microemulsions is of fundamental importance for many applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of structural variation of alcohols on water solubilization in nonionic microemulsions

Ezrahi¹,

Tuval²,

Aserin

et al. 2005

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Water Solubilization and Chain Length Compatibility in Nonionic Microemulsions

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Water Solubilization in Nonionic Microemulsions Stabilized by Grafted Siliconic Emulsifiers

Water Solubilization in Nonionic Microemulsions Stabilized by Grafted Siliconic Emulsifiers

Formation and investigation of microemulsions based on jojoba oil and nonionic surfactants

The effect of structural variation of alcohols on water solubilization in nonionic microemulsions

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