Water retention value predicts biomass recalcitrance for pretreated biomass: biomass water interactions vary based on pretreatment chemistry and reflect composition

Thomsen, Sune Tjalfe; Weiss, Noah D.; Zhang, Heng; Felby, Claus

doi:10.1007/s10570-020-03507-w

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…WRV has been pointed out as an index for indirectly indicating the porosity and cellulosic accessibility of plant biomass . From Figure , the WRVs of alkali-treated CS and RS are higher than those of untreated CS and RS, which corresponds to the previous study . The increased WRV usually indicates the incremental porosity and cellulosic accessibility to the enzyme .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Compared with the first two methods which require dry samples, the latter two methods can measure the original state of treated lignocellulose without drying . It was reported that the drying process could induce fiber hornification and lead to the shrinkage of all pores in lignocellulose to reduce cellulose accessibility. , In order to characterize the prototypical feature of treated crop straws, the WRV detection method which could predict the recalcitrance of the wet sample was employed, and new cryo-SEM was applied to observe the longisection and transection of untreated and treated samples. Corn stover (CS) and rice straw (RS) which are not only the top two crop straws in China, but also the second and fourth crop straws in the world, are selected as samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greater Importance of Structural Changes Over Lignin Removal in Impacting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crop Straws

Wen

2023

ACS Omega

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The importance of structural changes and lignin removal in influencing the enzymatic hydrolysis of crop straws was investigated. Alkaline pretreatment of corn stover (CS) and rice straw (RS) was conducted to remove lignin. It was found that alkaline pretreatment caused more lignin removal from CS than RS under the same condition, and CS and RS treated at 40 °C (CS40 and RS40) attained less lignin removal than those treated at 80 °C (CS80 and RS80). However, CS40 achieved glucan conversion efficiency of 70.77% which was 11.85% less than that of RS40, and similar glucan conversion efficiencies were obtained for RS 40 and RS80. Structural observation showed that the connection among single fiber bundle of CS40 was tighter than that of RS40, while those of RS40 and RS80 were loose. It meant that structural changes might be more important than lignin removal to influence enzymatic hydrolysis of crop straws.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater Importance of Structural Changes Over Lignin Removal in Impacting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crop Straws

Wen

2023

ACS Omega

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“…It has been used as an indirect measure of cell wall properties including overall hydrophilicity and porosity [ 43 , 44 ] and has been shown to be correlated with saccharification yield [ 35 , 45 – 47 ]. LF-NMR relaxometry provides more detailed information on the physical and chemical environment of water in the biomass [ 33 , 35 , 45 , 47 – 49 ]. This approach revealed that the presence of constrained water favored hydrolysis [ 45 , 49 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic degradation of maize shoots: monitoring of chemical and physical changes reveals different saccharification behaviors

Barron

Devaux

Foucat

et al. 2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background The recalcitrance of lignocellulosics to enzymatic saccharification has been related to many factors, including the tissue and molecular heterogeneity of the plant particles. The role of tissue heterogeneity generally assessed from plant sections is not easy to study on a large scale. In the present work, dry fractionation of ground maize shoot was performed to obtain particle fractions enriched in a specific tissue. The degradation profiles of the fractions were compared considering physical changes in addition to chemical conversion. Results Coarse, medium and fine fractions were produced using a dry process followed by an electrostatic separation. The physical and chemical characteristics of the fractions varied, suggesting enrichment in tissue from leaves, pith or rind. The fractions were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in a torus reactor designed for real-time monitoring of the number and size of the particles. Saccharification efficiency was monitored by analyzing the sugar release at different times. The lowest and highest saccharification yields were measured in the coarse and fine fractions, respectively, and these yields paralleled the reduction in the size and number of particles. The behavior of the positively- and negatively-charged particles of medium-size fractions was contrasted. Although the amount of sugar release was similar, the changes in particle size and number differed during enzymatic degradation. The reduction in the number of particles proceeded faster than that of particle size, suggesting that degradable particles were degraded to the point of disappearance with no significant erosion or fragmentation. Considering all fractions, the saccharification yield was positively correlated with the amount of water associated with [5–15 nm] pore size range at 67% moisture content while the reduction in the number of particles was inversely correlated with the amount of lignin. Conclusion Real-time monitoring of sugar release and changes in the number and size of the particles clearly evidenced different degradation patterns for fractions of maize shoot that could be related to tissue heterogeneity in the plant. The biorefinery process could benefit from the addition of a sorting stage to optimise the flow of biomass materials and take better advantage of the heterogeneity of the biomass.

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“…Selig et al [ 8 ] studied the hydration and hydrolysis of cellulose Iβ, II, and III I at increasing solids loadings up to 30% and suggested that cellulose III I had the most restricted pool and that the changes in water distribution during enzymatic saccharification were more dramatic in cellulose III I than in celluloses Ib and II. More recently, Weiss et al [ 14 ] and Thomsen et al [ 37 ] investigated the effect of substrate modifications under enzymatic degradation by commercial cellulases on the biomass–water interactions on wheat straw and spruce. Their results showed that the notable effect of solids was due to both enzyme and substrate, and that increased water constraint by the biomass correlated with higher hydrolysis yields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of solid loading on the behaviour of pectin-degrading enzymes

Foucat

Bonnin

2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Pectin plays a role in the recalcitrance of plant biomass by affecting the accessibility of other cell wall components to enzymatic degradation. Elimination of pectin consequently has a positive impact on the saccharification of pectin-rich biomass. This work thus focused on the behaviour of different pectin-degrading enzymes in the presence of low (5%) to high (35%) solid loading of lemon peel. Results High solid loading of lemon peel affected pectin solubilisation differently depending on the pectinase used. Pectin lyase was less sensitive to a reduction of water content than was a mixture of endopolygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase, regardless of whether or not the latter's mode of action is processive or not. Marked changes in water mobility were observed along with enzymatic degradation depending on the enzyme used. However, the pectin lyase resulted in less pronounced shifts in water distribution than polygalacturonase–pectin methylesterase mixtures. At similar pectin concentration, pectin solutions hindered the diffusion of hydrolases more than the solid substrate. This can be attributed to the high viscosity of the highly concentrated pectin solutions while the solid substrate may provide continuous diffusion paths through pores. Conclusions The increase in solid substrate loading reduced the efficiency of pectin-degrading enzymes catalysing hydrolysis more significantly than those catalysing β-elimination. LF-NMR experiments highlighted the impact of solid loading on water mobility. Compared to other enzymes and whatever the solid loading, pectin lyase led to longer relaxation times linked with the most destructuration of the solid substrate. This new information could benefit the biorefinery processing of pectin-rich plant material when enzymes are used in the treatment.

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Water retention value predicts biomass recalcitrance for pretreated biomass: biomass water interactions vary based on pretreatment chemistry and reflect composition

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Greater Importance of Structural Changes Over Lignin Removal in Impacting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crop Straws

Greater Importance of Structural Changes Over Lignin Removal in Impacting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crop Straws

Enzymatic degradation of maize shoots: monitoring of chemical and physical changes reveals different saccharification behaviors

Effect of solid loading on the behaviour of pectin-degrading enzymes

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