Water Retention and Compressibility of a Lime-Treated, High Plasticity Clay

Mavroulidou, Maria; Zhang, Xiwei; Gunn, Michael; Cabarkapa, Z.

doi:10.1007/s10706-013-9642-6

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, several researchers have reported values that are outside this range. Some of the values reported include 4% (Al-Mukhtar et al, 2010b;Bhuvaneshwari et al, 2013;Bhuvaneswari, Thyagaraj, Robinson, & Gandhi, 2010;Mavroulidou, Zhang, Gunn, & Cabarkapa, 2013), 5% (Eisazadeh, Kassim, & Nur, 2011a;Far, Kassim, Eisazadeh, & Khari, 2013), 6% (Kinuthia et al, 1999), 7% (Eisazadeh, Kassim, & Nur, 2011b), and 7.3% (Calik & Sadoglu, 2013). In the present study, the ICL for the soil under investigation came out to be 5.5%.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 47%

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

James¹,

Pandian²

2018

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The use of micro ceramic dust (CD) as an additive to lime in soil stabilization has been analysed in this study. CD was obtained by crushing and sieving of waste ceramic tiles from construction debris. The initial consumption of lime (ICL) for soil modification was determined using Eades and Grim pH test. In order to study the effect of lime content on soil stabilization, three different lime contents (below ICL, ICL and above ICL) were used for stabilizing the soil. These three lime contents were amended with various amounts of CD to study its effect on the strength of the stabilized soil. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests were carried out on the stabilized soil specimens of dimensions 38mm x 76mm at different ages of curing. The spent UCS samples were crushed and sieved to carry out Atterberg limits and free swell tests followed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests for determining changes in microstructure. The results indicated that the addition of CD resulted in a marginally negative influence on the early strength of the stabilized soil at three days of curing whereas it enhanced the delayed strength of the soil at 28 days of curing, gaining between 12-14% strength. The effect of CD on the plasticity and swell-shrink of lime stabilized soil indicated a further reduction in plasticity and swell-shrink nature. The mineralogy of the amended soil revealed the formation of CSH and CAH minerals responsible for strength gain. SEM images used to analyse the microstructure of the virgin and stabilized soil, indicated the formation of a dense and compact microstructure. Finally, it was concluded that CD can be adopted as an auxiliary additive to lime in stabilization of expansive soil with provision of sufficient curing and the delayed onset of early strength due to CD can be overcome by using higher lime content in stabilization.Key words: Expansive soil, lime stabilization, ceramic dust, strength, mineralogy, microstructure Resumen El uso de polvo de cerámica micro (CD) como un aditivo a la cal en la estabilización del suelo se ha analizado en este estudio. El CD se obtuvo triturando y tamizando las baldosas cerámicas de desecho de los desechos de la construcción. El consumo inicial de cal (ICL) para la modificación del suelo se determinó usando Eades y Grim pH test. Con el fin de estudiar el efecto del contenido de cal sobre la estabilización del suelo, se utilizaron tres contenidos diferentes de cal (por debajo de ICL, ICL y superior ICL) para estabilizar el suelo. Estos tres contenidos de cal fueron modificados con varias cantidades de CD para estudiar su efecto sobre la resistencia del suelo estabilizado. Se realizaron pruebas de resistencia a la compresión no confinada (UCS) en las muestras de suelo estabilizado de dimensiones 38 mm x 76 mm a diferentes edades de curado. Las muestras de UCS gastadas se trituraron y se tamizaron para llevar a cabo los límites de Atterberg y las pruebas de hinchamiento libre seguidas por difracción de rayos X (XRD) y microscop...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 47%

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

James¹,

Pandian²

2018

rdlc

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“…Overall the void ratio of the lime-treated soil increased with lime content. It is also interesting to note that unlike Mavroulidou et al [27], Cuisinier et al [12] did not observe a considerable improvement in the shrinkage behaviour of the lime-treated soil, even for the highest quicklime percentage used (5 %). However, they noticed an improvement in the swelling behaviour upon wetting, accompanied by a reorganisation of the soil fabric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…During the long duration of the SWRC tests, the chemically treated soils are expected to experience continuous changes due to chemical reactions which are summarised in the following section; these can affect the treated soil in terms of both mineralogy and structure (fabric and bonding); both these factors affect the SWRC of the soil [36]. In general, lime-treated soils are less deformable when subject to changes in moisture content than the corresponding untreated soils due to chemically induced cementation bonding (weak or strong) and/or possible mineralogy changes [27]. It is also possible that ageing or dissolution of the bonds can occur during cycles of drying and wetting, gradually modifying the structure of the soil [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that the soil studied was treated with a lime percentage high enough to induce long-term pozzolanic reactions in addition to any early-stage modification reactions, which can explain the continued pronounced effect of the lime on the structure of the soil. Mavroulidou et al [27] focused on the water retention, compressibility and overall volumetric behaviour of hydrated lime-treated London Clay, cured at a lime percentage only slightly higher than the initial lime consumption (ICL) of the soil. The drying SWRC of the statically compacted treated and untreated soils was determined using contact filter paper for a specific compaction void ratio and water content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of the water retention curve of lime-treated London Clay

2016

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This paper investigates the drying and wetting soil water retention curves (SWRCs) of statically compacted lime-stabilised London Clay specimens. A series of tests were performed using the contact filter paper method, pressure plate apparatus and a suction-controlled triaxial system incorporating the axis translation technique. These investigated the water retention of the soil under different boundary and stress-state conditions and simultaneously determined the volume change in the soil during drying and wetting. Factors relevant to the lime treatment of soils, such as curing period and method (air vs. water curing), were also considered. Finally, the hysteresis of the SWRC of the chemically treated soil (for which there appears to be a lack of information in the international literature) was investigated. The results showed that the treatment with lime increased the volumetric stability but reduced the water retention ability due to a more open structure enabled by the flocculation and chemical bonding effects. Curing period and method effect appears to be small. Hysteresis was noted to some degree in all instances.

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“…Additionally, Mavroulidou et al [16] obtained two drying curves for an untreated pulverised London Clay. The samples were compacted at a dry density of 1.43 g/cm 3 at 27% (dry of optimum) and at 32% (wet of optimum) water contents.…”

Section: London Claymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating soil water retention characteristics at high suctions using relative humidity control

et al. 2016

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Abstract.A technique for controlling relative humidity (RH) is presented, which involves supplying a sealed chamber with a continuous flow of air at a computer-regulated RH. The desired value of RH is achieved by mixing dry and wet air at appropriate volumes and is measured for servo-control at three locations in the chamber with capacitive RH sensors and checked with a sensitive VAISALA sensor. The setup is capable of controlling RH steadily and continuously with a deviation of less than 0.2% RH. The technique was adopted to determine wetting soil-water retention curves (SWRC) of statically compacted London Clay, under both free-swelling and constant volume conditions. The RH within the chamber was increased in a step-wise fashion, with each step maintained until vapour equilibrium between the chamber atmosphere and the soil samples was established. Independent filter paper measurements further validate the method, while the obtained retention curves complement those available in the literature for lower ranges of suction.

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Water Retention and Compressibility of a Lime-Treated, High Plasticity Clay

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

A study of the water retention curve of lime-treated London Clay

Investigating soil water retention characteristics at high suctions using relative humidity control

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