Water restriction in different phenological stages and increased temperature affect cowpea production

Abstract

Water deficit and high temperatures are abiotic factors that most limit plant growth and development. However, its effects depend on crop development stage and on stress duration and intensity. Thus, the objective of was to evaluate the development of cowpea subjected to water restriction in different phenological stages and to increase in air temperature. The experiment was conducted with the cultivar ‘Carijó’, in growth chambers, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to levels of water availability (25, 50, 75, and 100%,), phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and pod filling) and temperature regimes (T°1: 20-26-33 °C e T°2: 24.8-30.8-37.8 °C), respectively. Reduction of water availability in the vegetative and flowering stages caused decrease in grain production. The percentage of aborted flowers was higher in plants maintained under an increased temperature of +4.8 °C, with consequent reduction in grain production. Higher water availability values favored shoot and root dry mass production. Increase of 4.8 °C did not affect shoot and root dry mass but reduced water use efficiency by about 83%. The highest enzymatic activities of CAT, GPX and SOD were found in plants subjected to the temperature of +4.8 °C. Only APX showed lower enzymatic activity with increasing temperature. The cv. ‘Carijó’ is more sensitive to the 4.8 °C increase in air temperature than to water deficits.

Growth and production of wheat cultivars under water tensions in Cerrado soil

“…Several studies have reported that decreased water availability for plants leads to low wheat yields (Agami et al, 2018;Adrees et al, 2020;Pour-Aboughadareh et al, 2020;Soares et al, 2021). Grain filling is the developmental stage most sensitive to water stress, and the response depends on the exposure time and stress severity (Barros et al, 2021). In this study, wheat plants were exposed to soil moisture levels throughout their developmental cycle, including the vegetative and reproductive periods.…”

Public policies for adapting agriculture to climate change in semi-arid Northeast Brazil

“…The increase in temperature can prolong the growing cycle of some cowpea cultivars, apart from promoting a significant increase in the percentage of aborted flowers, reducing the final production of the crop (ANGE-LOTTI et al, 2020;BARROS et al, 2021a). Beyond temperature, changes in rainfall patterns can negatively affect the production of this grain (BARROS et al, 2021b).…”

A ação pública de adaptação da agricultura à mudança climática no Nordeste semiárido brasileiro

“…O aumento da temperatura pode prolongar o ciclo de cultivo de algumas cultivares de feijão-caupi, além de promover o aumento significativo na porcentagem de flores abortadas, reduzindo a produção final da cultura (ANGE-LOTTI et al, 2020;BARROS et al, 2021a). Além da temperatura, alterações no padrão de precipitação também podem afetar negativamente a produção desse grão (BARROS et al, 2021b).…”