Water resources sustainability in Kuwait against United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

Al-Rashed, M.; Aliewi, Amjad

doi:10.4324/9781315174884-4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The expensive RO process is adopted in desalination plants, which satisfies the freshwater needs in Kuwait for domestic purposes (Aliewi et al, 2017). The utilization of treated water in Kuwait is approximated at 1074 mm 3 /year (Al‐Rashed & Aliewi, 2018). Only 3 mm 3 /year (0.28%) of this amount (1074 mm 3 /year) comes from freshwater lenses of northern Kuwait aquifers (Al‐Rashed & Aliewi, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of treated water in Kuwait is approximated at 1074 mm 3 /year (Al‐Rashed & Aliewi, 2018). Only 3 mm 3 /year (0.28%) of this amount (1074 mm 3 /year) comes from freshwater lenses of northern Kuwait aquifers (Al‐Rashed & Aliewi, 2018). A study by Al‐Qallaf et al (2020) has identified that freshwater lenses are recharged by rainfall and runoff from short intense rainfall events resulting in flash floods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These sectors include irrigation, oil exploratory operations, blending with desalinated water to make it potable, fire fighting, landscaping, other domestic and commercial purposes after treatment by small reverse osmosis (RO) process (Aliewi, Al-Enezi, et al, 2020). The management of groundwater resources in Kuwait is critical because of the difficulty to estimate recharge rates to brackish aquifers, limited natural water resources, over-exploitation, salinization and contamination of these groundwater resources (Al-Rashed & Aliewi, 2018). The expensive RO process is adopted in desalination plants, which satisfies the freshwater needs in Kuwait for domestic purposes (Aliewi et al, 2017) (Al-Qallaf et al, 2020).…”

Section: Kuwait Brackish Sedimentary Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new modified chloride mass balance approach based on aquifer hydraulic properties and other sources of chloride to assess rainfall recharge in brackish aquifers

Aliewi

Bhandary

Chidambaram

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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A reasonable estimation of aquifer recharge can assist in the sustainable management of groundwater resources. The methodology to calculate aquifer recharge presents many challenges due to geological complexity and the existence of different water qualities in the aquifer. The classic chloride mass balance (CMB) method has been used widely for aquifer recharge estimation but the assumptions in the equations neglect other sources of chloride than rainfall; chloride accumulation due to evaporation and the hydraulic properties of the recharged aquifer. This research aims to introduce modifications and derive a new CMB equation that covers the shortcomings in the earlier classic CMB approach. The newly developed approach was verified mathematically to identify the sensitive parameters that affect the results of aquifer recharge. Also, it was verified by independent data and method (groundwater modelling) and showed that it is approaching reality about recharge estimation than the earlier classic method which underestimates aquifer recharge especially for brackish aquifers. This article applies the new modified method to sedimentary aquifers of brackish nature and carbonate aquifers predominantly with fresh water and brackish water. In particular, numerical modelling showed that the optimum percentage of aquifer recharge from rainfall for brackish aquifers is between 10% and 20%. Application of the classic method in brackish aquifers in Kuwait estimates the aquifer recharge to be 0.5%–3% due to rainfall, while the modified method yields aquifer recharge of 9.3%–20% from total rainfall which agrees with the results of numerical modelling approach. The application of the classic CMB method for the carbonate aquifers containing fresh to brackish groundwater in the West Bank, gave recharge percentage of 25% from rainfall while the modified method indicated the recharge percentage is 32% from rainfall. The results of the study obtained by the modified CMB technique are proved promising.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kuwait Brackish Sedimentary Aquifersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new modified chloride mass balance approach based on aquifer hydraulic properties and other sources of chloride to assess rainfall recharge in brackish aquifers

Aliewi

Bhandary

Chidambaram

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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“…Kuwait is one of the smallest countries in the Arabian Gulf, with a total area of 17,818 km 2 and 195 km of coastline (Figure 1). The country has a hyper-arid climate and suffers from extremely dry and hot summer months (from May to August), where the temperatures range from 40-50 • C with an average annual precipitation of 115.7 mm [31,32]. During this season, increased evaporation rates lead to high water stress, while during June and July northwesterly winds can cause extreme sandstorms.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrometeorological Drought Forecasting in Hyper-Arid Climates Using Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Networks

Alsumaiei

Alrashidi

2020

Water

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Drought forecasting is an essential component of efficient water resource management that helps water planners mitigate the severe consequences of water shortages. This is especially important in hyper-arid climates, where drought consequences are more drastic due to the limited water resources and harsh environments. This paper presents a data-driven approach based on an artificial neural network algorithm for predicting droughts. Initially, the observed drought events in the State of Kuwait were tested for autocorrelation using the correlogram test. Due to the cyclic nature of the observed drought time series, nonlinear autoregressive neural networks (NARs) were used to predict the occurrence of drought events using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm to train the NAR models. This approach was tested for the forecasting of 12- and 24-month droughts using the recently developed precipitation index (PI). Four statistical measures were used to assess the model’s performance during training and validation. The performance metrics indicated that the drought prediction was reliable, with Nash–Sutcliffe values of 0.761–0.878 during the validation period. Additionally, the computed R2 values for model forecasts ranged between 0.784–0.883, which indicated the quality of the model predictions. These findings contribute to the development of more efficient drought forecasting tools for use by water managers in hyper-arid regions.

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“…The utilization of brackish groundwater resources is becoming a normal practice in countries with scarce freshwater resources such as Kuwait where annual rainfall is less than 120 mm on average (Al-Rashed and Aliewi 2018). Any efficient development of groundwater resources requires that the utilized aquifer must have the potential to yield sufficient volumes of water with acceptable limits of groundwater quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of brackish groundwater utilization from the Eocene Aquifer for oil exploration operations in central Kuwait

Aliewi

Al-Enezi

Al-Maheimid

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

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The Kuwait Oil Company currently pumps about 10 Mm 3 /yr from one of its well fields in central Kuwait (Eocene Aquifer) and plans to increase this rate to 30 Mm 3 /yr to meet its water demand. The objective of this study is to investigate the sustainability of brackish groundwater resources for oil operations in the mentioned well field in a way to identify the consequences of increasing the pumping rates on groundwater levels and groundwater salinity. A suitable methodology to assess the sustainability of brackish groundwater utilization has been developed based on pumping tests in addition to flow and salinity numerical modeling. Extensive hydrogeological and salinity field investigations were also conducted. The results show that pumping rate should not be increased above 20 Mm 3 /yr in the aquifer of the study, otherwise a sharp decline in groundwater levels and a significant increase in groundwater salinity will occur. The results of the pumping tests show that the hydraulic properties of the Eocene Aquifer can support regional utilization of the aquifer, but any additional pumping wells should be located within a wider area than the current well field. The salinity variation analysis shows that a mixing process between brackish and saline water is taking place.

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Water resources sustainability in Kuwait against United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A new modified chloride mass balance approach based on aquifer hydraulic properties and other sources of chloride to assess rainfall recharge in brackish aquifers

A new modified chloride mass balance approach based on aquifer hydraulic properties and other sources of chloride to assess rainfall recharge in brackish aquifers

Hydrometeorological Drought Forecasting in Hyper-Arid Climates Using Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Networks

Sustainability of brackish groundwater utilization from the Eocene Aquifer for oil exploration operations in central Kuwait

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