“…Most environmental stakeholders, ranging from government agencies to grassroots organizations, have some inherent capacity for innovation, decision making, and governance (e.g., Ostrom 1990Ostrom , 1992. Many scholars argue that some legal and institutional, or rule-governed, oversight (Wheeler 2000, Dietz et al 2003, Ruhl 2011, or built-in mechanisms for adaptation, for example in the law (Arnold and Gunderson 2013, Clarvis et al 2014, Craig and Ruhl 2014, could facilitate, and perhaps coordinate, this inherent potential for adaptation, improving adaptive governance. Specifically, traditional centers of authority, like federal and state government, could create laws and legal frameworks to enhance the ability, authority, and resources, i.e., adaptive capacity, of existing environmental stakeholders to make important decisions and flexibly respond to changing social-ecological conditions (e.g., Shivakumar 2005, Clarvis et al 2014, Cosens et al 2017.…”