Water renewal and risk assessment of water pollution in semi-enclosed domains: Application to Bilbao Harbour (Bay of Biscay)

Grifoll, Manel; Campo, Andrea del; Espino, Manuel; Mader, Julien; González, Manuel; Borja, Ángel

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.07.010

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Conversely, Grecale wind favoured a more rapid exchange of water (~40 h) by inducing higher current speeds in the harbour basin. These values are in agreement with those calculated for the dimensionally analogous Terragona (~40 h [58]) and Bilbao (~20 h [23]) ports, although different forcing conditions were considered in those simulations. The FT values for Civitavecchia harbour are also comparable to those of the Augusta and Barcelona harbours (~300 h), calculated using the same criteria in the choice of weather conditions, but differing in size (roughly twice that of Civitavecchia port).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Development of a Predictive Tool to Support Environmentally Sustainable Management in Port Basins

Bonamano

Madonia

Piazzolla

et al. 2017

Water

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According to the Water Framework Directive, harbours that are classified as heavily modified water bodies must either reach or maintain good ecological potential. Moreover, following the marine spatial planning principles, the effects of port structure changes on water quality must also be considered. To support the sustainable management of harbour waters, we calculated flushing time (FT) through the use of a numerical model within the Civitavecchia port under different scenarios. To assess the effects of the realization of new infrastructure that will significantly alter the port configuration in the coming years, we also developed the flushing efficiency index (FEI). The increase in the harbour basin size due to the embankment extension result in high values of FT, particularly in the inner part of the port, in accordance with the highest values of the enrichment factor of the trace metals found in the sediment. The deterioration of water quality is confirmed by negative FEI values. Otherwise, the index assumes positive values after the realization of a second entrance in the southern part of Civitavecchia port, highlighting a drastic improvement in harbour water renewal. This study provides a low-cost and predictive tool to correctly address environmentally sustainable management of port activities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Development of a Predictive Tool to Support Environmentally Sustainable Management in Port Basins

Bonamano

Madonia

Piazzolla

et al. 2017

Water

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“…ERL effects range low, NPB not polluted benchmark, TEL threshold effects level means of a tabular matrix and a multivariate factorial analysis (FA-PCA). The stations presenting the highest metallic and organic contamination were VI-2, that is located inside a harbour, BI-2, which is characterised by a low local flushing time (Grifoll et al 2011), and PA-2, which is placed in the inner part of the estuary and characterised by a low water renovation rate (Montero et al 2011;Solaun et al 2009). The range of metal concentrations measured at stations of Vigo was similar to those reported by Quelle et al (2011) in the Ria of Vigo, although, higher concentrations of Cu, Hg and Zn were measured in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative sediment assessment at Atlantic Spanish harbours by means of chemical and ecotoxicological tools

Montero

Belzunce-Segarra

Menchaca

et al. 2012

Environ Monit Assess

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This study refers to the integrative assessment of sediment quality in three harbour areas at the Spanish Atlantic Coast: Vigo (Northwestern Spain), Bilbao and Pasajes (Northern Spain). At each site, two lines of evidence have been considered: chemical analyses (metal, PAH and PCB concentrations in sediments and ammonia concentration in bioassays) and toxicity tests (Microtox®, Corophium sp. marine amphipod and Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin larvae). Chemical and ecotoxicological results have been integrated by means of a tabular matrix and a multivariate factorial analysis (FA). Highly toxic samples have been characterised in Vigo and Pasajes harbours while Bilbao samples present toxicity levels ranging from non-toxic to moderately toxic. High toxicity is associated with high levels of contaminants whereas confounding factors (ammonia, organic matter and mud) have been identified to be the main cause of low to moderate toxicity. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that deriving potential toxicity of sediments based on comparison with Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) is in agreement to toxicity results in areas presenting high levels of contaminants. However, at lower levels of toxicity (low to moderate), the mismatch between the potential toxicity (SQG approach) and the toxicity measured by bioassays is greater, as the former only accounts for chemical concentrations, without considering the interaction between contaminants and the effect of confounding factors. Contrarily, the multivariate analysis seems to be a robust tool for the integration and interpretation of different lines of evidence in areas affected by different sources of contamination.

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“…harmful algal blooms as described in Quijano-Scheggia et al (2008), hydrodynamics (Cucco andUmgiesser, 2006) and water quality parameters (Grifoll et al, 2011) in coastal waters.…”

Section: Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Wind variability in a coastal area (Alfacs Bay, Ebro River delta)

Cerralbo

Grifoll

Moré³

et al. 2015

Adv. Sci. Res.

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Abstract. Wind spatial heterogeneity in a coastal area (Alfacs Bay, northwestern Mediterranean Sea) is described using a set of observations and modelling results. Observations in three meteorological stations (during 2012-2013) along the coastline reveal that wind from the N-NW (strongest winds in the region) appears to be affected by the local orography promoting high wind variability on relatively short spatial scales (of the order of few kilometres). On the other hand, sea breezes in late spring and summer also show noticeable differences in both spatial distribution and duration. The importance of wind models' spatial resolution is also assessed, revealing that high resolution ( = 3 km) substantially improves the results in comparison to coarse resolution (9 km). The highest-resolution model tested (400 m) also presents noticeable improvements during some events, showing spatial variability not revealed by coarser models. All these models are used to describe and understand the spatial variability of the typical wind events in the region. The results presented in this contribution should be considered on hydrodynamic, ecological and risk management investigations in coastal areas with complex orography.

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Water renewal and risk assessment of water pollution in semi-enclosed domains: Application to Bilbao Harbour (Bay of Biscay)

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Development of a Predictive Tool to Support Environmentally Sustainable Management in Port Basins

Development of a Predictive Tool to Support Environmentally Sustainable Management in Port Basins

Integrative sediment assessment at Atlantic Spanish harbours by means of chemical and ecotoxicological tools

Wind variability in a coastal area (Alfacs Bay, Ebro River delta)

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