Water Relations of <i>Chusquea ramosissima</i> and <i>Merostachys claussenii</i> in Iguazu National Park, Argentina

Saha, Sonali; Holbrook, N. Michele; Montti, Lía; Goldstein, Guillermo; Cardinot, G.

doi:10.1104/pp.108.129015

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In summary, our data suggest that daily embolism/repair cycles in grasses are not the rule throughout the growing season, at least not in stems, despite ample evidence for positive root pressure in grasses (Miller, 1985;Neufeld et al, 1992;Cochard et al, 1994;Saha et al, 2009;Cao et al, 2012). The broad range in embolism resistance of the grasses studied, in combination with these low levels of native embolism in the moderately resistant grasses studied suggest that embolism refilling may play a less significant role for grasses than previously thought (Cao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Hydraulic Safety Margins In Stems Of Grasses Are Positivementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Half of the herbaceous angiosperms studied so far (Supplemental Table S1) have a stem P 50 between 0 and 22 MPa, indicating that many herbs are highly vulnerable to embolism. Moreover, positive root pressure has been reported in various herbs, including many grasses (Poaceae) with hydathodes in their leaves (Evert, 2006), and root pressure is hypothesized to refill embolized conduits overnight when transpiration is low (Miller, 1985;Neufeld et al, 1992;Cochard et al, 1994;Macduff and Bakken, 2003;Saha et al, 2009;Cao et al, 2012). This could suggest that embolism formation and repair follow a daily cycle in herbs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Herbaceous angiosperms are not more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than angiosperm trees

Lens¹,

Picon‐Cochard²,

Delmas³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

108

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The water transport pipeline in herbs is assumed to be more vulnerable to drought than in trees due to the formation of frequent embolisms (gas bubbles), which could be removed by the occurrence of root pressure, especially in grasses. Here, we studied hydraulic failure in herbaceous angiosperms by measuring the pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductance (P 50 ) in stems of 26 species, mainly European grasses (Poaceae). Our measurements show a large range in P 50 from 20.5 to 27.5 MPa, which overlaps with 94% of the woody angiosperm species in a worldwide, published data set and which strongly correlates with an aridity index. Moreover, the P 50 values obtained were substantially more negative than the midday water potentials for five grass species monitored throughout the entire growing season, suggesting that embolism formation and repair are not routine and mainly occur under water deficits. These results show that both herbs and trees share the ability to withstand very negative water potentials without considerable embolism formation in their xylem conduits during drought stress. In addition, structure-function trade-offs in grass stems reveal that more resistant species are more lignified, which was confirmed for herbaceous and closely related woody species of the daisy group (Asteraceae). Our findings could imply that herbs with more lignified stems will become more abundant in future grasslands under more frequent and severe droughts, potentially resulting in lower forage digestibility.

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Section: Hydraulic Safety Margins In Stems Of Grasses Are Positivementioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbaceous angiosperms are not more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than angiosperm trees

Lens¹,

Picon‐Cochard²,

Delmas³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

108

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“…This implies that water use of bamboo is controlled not only at the individual-culm level but also at the entire ramet level. In recent years, several studies have increased our knowledge on the water-related physiology of bamboo (e.g., Saha et al, 2009;Dierick et al, 2010;Cao et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2012), whereas few have investigated how such traits are affected by ramet (stand) structures. Bamboo is characterised by rapid colonisation through vegetative propagation, which enables them to out-compete other vegetation and thus dominate their habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stand‐scale transpiration of two Moso bamboo stands with different culm densities

et al. 2014

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The large‐scale expansion of Moso bamboo forests in Japan raises concerns about how vegetation will affect the hydrological cycle and local water resources. However, information on transpiration (E) is limited to study on a single bamboo stand with low culm density (4 000 ha−1). The present study conducted a year‐round measurement of E in a high‐density (11 000 ha−1) stand using sap‐flow measurements, and additional measurements were made during summer in the previously studied low‐density stand and a neighbouring Japanese cedar stand for comparison. Annual E of the high‐density stand was estimated at 455 mm. Although the value was greater than those reported for neighbouring coniferous forests (250–370 mm), it was lower than previous measurements made in the low‐density stand (567 mm). The daytime sap flux density of the high‐density stand was generally less than half that in the low‐density stand, resulting in similar daily maximum E values in those stands. In addition, E typically peaked before midday in the high‐density stand followed by a rapid decline; the midday suppression of E led to decreased total E in the stand. Based on present and previous measurements of E, combined with the lower rainfall interception (I) reported for bamboo stands, water loss through evapotranspiration would be comparable between bamboo and coniferous forests. Present results also suggest that the E of bamboo stands does not have strong positive relationships with stand structural parameters (e.g., culm density and sapwood area) but possibly depends more on the sites' microenvironments (e.g., solar radiation). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Bamboos are predominant components of many (sub) tropical ecosystems both in the Old and the New World (Saha et al . ). Over 6.3 million km 2 of Asian forest potentially contains bamboo, with a band of particularly high abundance and species richness running from north‐eastern India through Burma to southern China (Bystriakova et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Termites amplify the effects of wood traits on decomposition rates among multiple bamboo and dicot woody species

et al. 2015

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Summary1. Wood decomposition is a key process in the terrestrial carbon cycle, controlling carbon storage with feedback to climate. In (sub) tropical forest, termites are major players in wood decomposition, but their role relative to that of microbial decomposers and wood traits of different tree species is poorly understood. The current literature also has strong bias towards dicot tree decomposition, while abundant woody monocots, particularly bamboos, also contribute greatly to (sub) tropical carbon cycling. 2. Here, we present the first experiment to disentangle effects of dead wood traits and termite activity on decomposition of 66 angiosperm species of wide-ranging phylogenetic position: 31 bamboos, eight non-bamboo Poaceae, 18 eudicots and nine magnoliids. We incubated dead stems of up to 4 size classes per species in a 'common garden' in tropical S China. We tested the hypotheses that (i) dead wood of bamboo (monocots) is less decomposable than dead wood of eudicots or magnoliids; (ii) both microbial-and termite-driven decomposition show negative relationships with initial wood density and with dry matter content. 3. Bamboo wood generally decomposed more slowly than dicot wood but only slightly slower at given wood density or diameter. Wood decomposition in both bamboo and dicot clades decreased with wood density or dry matter content. Termites contributed greatly to this pattern, explaining 53.4% of the variance in wood decomposition and preferentially attacking dead wood of lower initial density, which corresponded with thicker outer culm walls in the case of bamboo species. Thus, termites strongly strengthen the relationship between species' wood traits and litter decomposition as driven by microbial activity. 4. Synthesis. These previously unknown relationships among dead wood quality, diameter, termites and decomposing microbes of both woody monocots and dicots will advance our understanding of the driving mechanisms of (sub) tropical wood decomposition and its contribution to the global carbon cycle.

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Water Relations of Chusquea ramosissima and Merostachys claussenii in Iguazu National Park, Argentina

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Herbaceous angiosperms are not more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than angiosperm trees

Herbaceous angiosperms are not more vulnerable to drought-induced embolism than angiosperm trees

Stand‐scale transpiration of two Moso bamboo stands with different culm densities

Termites amplify the effects of wood traits on decomposition rates among multiple bamboo and dicot woody species

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