Water quality performance of treatment wetlands in the Imperial Valley, California

Kadlec, Robert H.; Roy, Sujoy B.; Munson, Ronald K.; Charlton, S J; Brownlie, William R.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.04.028

Cited by 45 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Sakadevan and Bavor (1999) reported that the removal of pollutants in a CW was improved by decreasing HLR when the applied hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 4 to 15 days. A lower HLR implies more contact time and more treatment stability, however, it occupies a larger land area (Kadlec et al, 2010). Considering the limited land area per capita in China, it is more applicable to design and operate the CWs at a high HLR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of artificial aeration on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetland treating heavily polluted river water

Dong

Qiang

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Sciences

139

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of artificial aeration on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetland treating heavily polluted river water

Dong

Qiang

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Sciences

139

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“…Constructed wetlands and pond systems are alternatives to recharge basins for some communities. While of similar cost and permanency as recharge basins, wetlands and ponds have additional capacity for natural denitrification of contaminated water in addition to being sources of clean groundwater recharge [69,70].…”

Section: Beneficial Agricultural Management Practices In Buffer Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Feasibility of Irrigated Agricultural Land Use Buffers to Reduce Groundwater Nitrate in Rural Drinking Water Sources

Mayzelle

Viers

Medellín–Azuara

et al. 2014

Water

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Agricultural irrigation leachate is often the largest source for aquifer recharge in semi-arid groundwater basins, but contamination from fertilizers and other agro-chemicals may degrade the quality of groundwater. Affected communities are frequently economically disadvantaged, and water supply alternatives may be too costly. This study aimed to demonstrate that, when addressing these issues, environmental sustainability and market profitability are not incompatible. We investigated the viability of two low impact crops, alfalfa and vineyards, and new recharge basins as an alternative land use in recharge buffer zones around affected communities using an integrated hydrologic, socio-geographic, and economic analysis. In the southern Central Valley, California, study area, alfalfa and vineyards currently constitute 30% of all buffer zone cropland. Economic analyses of alternative land use scenarios indicate a wide range of revenue outcomes. Sector output gains and potential cost saving through land use conversion and resulting flood control result in gains of at least $2.3 billion, as compared to costs of $0.3 to $0.7 billion for treatment options over a 20 year period. Buffer zones would maintain the economic integrity of the region and concur with prevailing OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 13 policy options. Thus, managed agricultural recharge buffer zones are a potentially attractive option for communities facing financial constraint and needing to diversify their portfolio of policy and infrastructure approaches to meet drinking water quality objectives.

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“…The hydraulic efficiency (λ) was calculated using Equation (11) [8]. The performance of wastewater treatment facilities such as constructed wetlands is closely related to their hydraulic efficiency [19][20][21]. The calculated hydraulic efficiency was assigned to one of three classes: good (λ > 0.75), satisfactory (0.5 ď λ ď 0.75), and poor (λ < 0.5) [11]:…”

Section: Residence Time Effective Volume and Hydraulic Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flume Experiments for Optimizing the Hydraulic Performance of a Deep-Water Wetland Utilizing Emergent Vegetation and Obstructions

Shih

Hong

Chang

2016

Water

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Constructed ponds and wetlands are widely used in urban areas for stormwater management, ecological conservation, and pollution treatment. The treatment efficiency of these systems is strongly related to the hydrodynamics and hydraulic residence time. In this study, we developed a physical model and used rhodamine-WT as a tracer to conduct flume experiments. An equivalent Reynolds number was assumed, and the flume was a 1/25-scale model. Emergent obstructions (EOs), submerged obstructions (SOs), and high-and low-density emergent vegetation were placed along the sides of the flume, and 49 tracer tests were performed. We altered the density, spatial extent, aspect ratio, and configurations of the obstructions and emergent vegetation to observe changes in the hydraulic efficiency of a deep-water wetland. In the cases of low-aspect-ratio obstructions, the effects of the EOs on the hydraulic efficiency were significantly stronger than those of the SOs. In contrast, in the cases of high-aspect-ratio obstructions, the improvement effects of the EOs were weaker than those of the SOs. The high-aspect-ratio EOs altered the flow direction and constrained the water conveyance area, which apparently caused a short-circuited flow phenomenon, resulting in a decrease in hydraulic efficiency. Most cases revealed that the emergent vegetation improved the hydraulic efficiency more than the EOs. The high-density emergent vegetation (HEV) improved the hydraulic efficiency more than the low-density emergent vegetation (LEV). Three cases involving HEV, two cases involving LEV, and one case involving EOs attained a good hydraulic efficiency (λ > 0.75). To achieve greater water purification, aquatic planting in constructed wetlands should not be overly dense. The HEV configuration in case 3-1 achieved optimum hydraulic performance for compliance with applicable water treatment standards.

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Water quality performance of treatment wetlands in the Imperial Valley, California

Cited by 45 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of artificial aeration on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetland treating heavily polluted river water

Effect of artificial aeration on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetland treating heavily polluted river water

Economic Feasibility of Irrigated Agricultural Land Use Buffers to Reduce Groundwater Nitrate in Rural Drinking Water Sources

Flume Experiments for Optimizing the Hydraulic Performance of a Deep-Water Wetland Utilizing Emergent Vegetation and Obstructions

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