Water Quality of Sundarijal Reservior and its Feeding Streams in Kathmandu

Bhattarai, Krishna R; Shrestha, Bharat Babu; Lekhak, Hari D

doi:10.3126/sw.v6i6.2643

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Seasonal variation in DO content was related to temperature and biological activities [28]. The results were similar to as recorded earlier [29,30]. In the present study the mean water hardness value ranged between 86.5 mg/L and 180 mg/L.…”

Section: Distribution and Abundance Of Macro-invertebratessupporting

confidence: 91%

Untitled

2018

RJLBPCS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present investigation was conducted in the remnants of old channel of Jia Bharali called as Mara Bharali at Tezpur in the Sonitpur district of Assam during the period from January to December, 2017. Five sampling stations were selected from Pumpani village (N-26º45'10.52" and E-92º50'07.93") to Maithan (N-26º37'05.69" and E-92º49'34.34"), Tezpur where Mara Bharali meets the river Brahmaputra. The 05 sampling stations has been demarcated as MB5 (Pumpani village, N-26º45'10.52" and E-92º50'07.93"), MB4 (Amlopam village, N-26º41'16.84" and E-92º48'58.88"), MB3 (Dolabari village, N-26º40'00.65" and E-92º49'43.64"), MB2 (Porowa Bridge, N-26º39'10.05" and E-92º47'49.28") and MB1 (Maithan, N-26º37'05.69" and E-92º49'34.34") that covers a stretch of 16.5 km. The mean water temperature, transparency, TDS, dissolved oxygen, free CO2, hardness, alkalinity and pH were found to be within the WHO permissible limits. However, turbidity was found to range between 58 NTU and 228.5 NTU which is above WHO permissible limits. Twenty (20) species of aquatic insects belonging to 13 families and 7 orders were identified from five sampling stations. Laccotrephes sp., Notonecta sp., Hydaticus sp. and Hydrophilus sp. were the most abundant species. Insect species were dominated by the orders Hemiptera and Decapoda with 4 and 5 representatives of each respectively. Moreover, six (6) molluscan species belonging to 5 different families, Viviparidae, Planorbidae, Pachychilidae, Ampullariidae and Bithyniidae were identified with most dominant species being Gyrulus convexiusculus, Brotia costula and Pila globosa.

show abstract

Section: Distribution and Abundance Of Macro-invertebratessupporting

confidence: 91%

Untitled

2018

RJLBPCS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The concentration of COD in different water samples is also given Figure 3. This study found much higher COD concentrations than those reported at 7 mg/L in Shivapuri watershed (ENPHO, 1997), and at 5.4 mg/L (Dhungana, 2019), and 11 mg/L (Bhattarai et al, 2008) in Sundarijal reservoir, Nepal. Lower COD levels indicate a lower amount of oxidizable organic matter within the water resources, which may lead to decreased DO levels (Dhungana, 2019;Reyes-Toscano et al, 2020).…”

Section: Codcontrasting

confidence: 57%

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

Aryal

2022

World Water Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nepal has a high annual rainfall, but it still faces numerous challenges in ensuring good water quality. A total of 20 water samples were collected from five springs, seven rivers, one borehole, and seven reservoir tanks. pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, total hardness as CaCO3, and residual chlorine in the water samples were all found to be within the National Drinking Quality Standards (NDWQS) and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was calculated in the range of 35.65–70.826 mg/L, where most of the water samples exceeded the WHO's threshold. The mean biological oxygen demand (BOD) value was 2.929 mg/L, which was below the WHO tolerance level. Moreover, the concentrations of zinc, copper, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, and phosphate species studied here were lower than those of the NDWQS and WHO standards. It was found that most of the water samples crossed the threshold standard for Escherichia coli and total coliforms, respectively. The iron concentrations in BW8, PW9, and RVW10 were estimated at 0.321, 0.301, and 0.367 mg/L, manganese in BW8, RVW10, and PW9 at 0.191, 0.142, and 0.104 mg/L, and selenium in RVW10 and RVW14 at 0.041 mg/L, which exceeded the WHO permissible limit. In most samples, the contamination factor (CF) values of COD exceeded unity, and the pollution load index (PLI) was calculated at 1.3. In the CF analysis of Fe, Mn, and Se, it was found that some water samples were polluted and not suitable for drinking. Statistical analysis of water quality parameters revealed a significant correlation. Overall, the results suggest that governments and development agencies should enhance their involvement in water resources management to ensure sustainability.

show abstract

“…It has been estimated that some 30,000 people die every day from water related disease and this kind of episode is more critical in the less developed countries (WHO 1991). While considering microbiological water quality, chlorinated water of Kathmandu is found heavily contaminated with faecal materials (Bhattarai et al 2008). The study describes the existing status of the Bagmati and Bishnumati river in terms of physiochemical and microbiological parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and Bacteriological Water Analysis of Bagmati and Bishnumati River

Shah

Chaturwedi²

2019

Tribhuvan University Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water pollution, one of the serious environmental issues of the world, results from contaminants being introduced into the natural environment. This study was conducted in the Microbiology laboratory, DAV College, Dhobighat, Lalitpur, Nepal from January to May 2018 with aims to assess the physicochemical and microbiological status of river water of Kathmandu valley. All together 60 water samples were collected, 20 water samples each from different places of Bagmati river, Bishnumati river and river junction (Teku Dovan). The physicochemical parameters including pH, ammonia and iron, hardness and alkalinity were analyzed by standard methods and the microbiological parameters such as total mesophilic count and total coliform count were analyzed by pour plate technique. Among all 60 water samples tested, the temperature (12.8°C), BOD value (3.11 mg/l), iron value (0.87 mg/l) and turbidity (102.2NTU) were found to be highest in Bagmati river water samples whereas the value of TSS (755.2 mg/l), TDS (748.4 mg/l), copper (0.01 mg/l) and COD (911.5 PPM) were found to be highest in water of Bishnumati river. The heavy meals Manganese (0.29 mg/l) and Nickel (0.01 mg/l) were detected only in Bishnumati river water samples. The river junction water samples showed the exceeded value of DO (9.56 mg/l) and chloride (0.12 mg/l). All the 60 samples showed total mesophilic counts more than 300 cfu/ml and the average number of total mesophilic counts were found to be 5.21×106 cfu/ml. The average number of total coliform counts were found to be 2.1×105 cfu/ml in the water samples of Bagmati river, Bishnumati river and river junction. Most of the tested parameter of the samples had more than the standard value of water quality indicating the deterioration of river water quality and thus may affect the aquatic as well as human and animal lives.

show abstract

Water Quality of Sundarijal Reservior and its Feeding Streams in Kathmandu

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Untitled

Untitled

An analysis of drinking water quality parameters to achieve sustainable development goals in rural and urban areas of Besisahar, Lamjung, Nepal

Physicochemical and Bacteriological Water Analysis of Bagmati and Bishnumati River

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About