Water Quality Monitoring and Management of Building Water Tank Using Industrial Internet of Things

Abstract

Water being one of the foremost needs for human survival, conservation, and management of the resource must be given ultimate significance. Water demand has increased tremendously all over the world from the past decade due to urbanization, climatic change, and ineffective management of water. The advancement in sensor and wireless communication technology encourages implementing the IoT in a wide range. In this study, an IoT-based architecture is proposed and implemented for monitoring the level and quality of water in a domestic water tank with customized hardware based on 2.4 GHz radiofrequency (RF) communication. Moreover, the ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module-based upper tank monitoring of the proposed architecture encourages provide real-time information about the tank through internet protocol (IP). The customized hardware is designed and evaluated in the Proteus simulation environment. The calibration of the pH sensor and ultrasonic value is carried out for setting the actual value in the prototype for obtaining the error-free value. The customized hardware that is developed for monitoring the level and quality of water is implemented. The real-time visualization and monitoring of the water tank are realized with the cloud-enabled Virtuino app.

Advanced Techniques for Monitoring and Management of Urban Water Infrastructures—An Overview

“…The advancements in wireless sensor networks (WSN) have minimized power consumption by using prescribed time intervals; however, this method does not work for control purposes, such as operating a water pump. Singh et al [67] suggest a combination of wireless technologies to enable communication between local components and real-time operation as required for more complex automation.…”

Numerical Experiments on Low Impact Development for Urban Resilience Index

“…The first flush is not suitable for large catchment areas. Samples from the second half of the rainfall event were often overlooked due to the long duration of flow decline in a large catchment, so the peaks in pollutant concentrations in some studies precluded the establishment of a first flush assessment [43][44][45]. Feng [36] pointed out that the runoff needs to be transmitted over long distances, which may conclude in the transmission process of pollutants and ignore the estimation of the volume of the first flush; this indicator is once applied in the large catchment area in this study, and the results show that the change of concentration of pollutants could not be reacted, and it is unreasonable that the value with LID is greater than 1 (Figure 1); it is necessary to require an index for the studies of water quality with LID in urban areas.…”

A multi low-cost sensors analysis for remote and real-time water quality monitoring system

“…In the work of [7], a systematic review of the literature analyzed 142 papers to determine which LCS have been used for remote water quality monitoring and how they performed in the measurements. One of the findings was that only a few papers compared LCS with reference devices [2,6,18,28,30]. In most published work, the capabilities and limitations of the sensors have not been thoroughly investigated to ensure that they meet the data quality requirements for the intended applications.…”