Water Quality in the State of Aguascalientes and its Effects on the Population’s Health

González, Francisco Javier Avelar; López, Elsa Marcela Ramírez; Saldaña, Ma. Consolación Martínez; Barrera, Alma Lilián Guerrero; Jaramillo-Juárez, Fernando; Sánchez, José Manuel Otón

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-05432-7_16

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The substantial extraction of groundwater from the Aguascalientes Valley aquifer, which underlies the San Pedro River, has resulted in fissures associated with subsidence [20][21][22][23][24], elevating the risk of groundwater contamination through direct infiltration of surface water through these ground discontinuities. Furthermore, various studies [25,26] have indicated the absence of a base flow in the river, with approximately 96% of the city's wastewater discharged into it. As a result, the river is contaminated with pollutants such as organic matter, total phosphorus (Pt), total nitrogen (Nt), detergents (SAAM), and heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Fe, Hg, Pb, and Zn).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Study Area (Aguascalientes; Mexico)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding and Toxicity Tests for the Analysis of Vertical Hydraulic Connectivity through the Vadose Zone

Reyes-Cedeño,

Hernández-Marín,

Pacheco-Martínez

et al. 2024

Water

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In this research, a hydraulic characterization of a 14 km segment of the San Pedro River, flowing through the center of the Aguascalientes Valley, was conducted. More than 50 years of flow measurement records were processed to obtain daily flows during dry and rainy seasons. Through geospatial analysis, areas with hydraulic retention, influenced by the region’s topography and sediment accumulation during the flood season, were identified. Similarly, the digital map of geological surface features revealed that some of these structures spatially coincide with these retention areas. Later, potential hydraulic connectivity between the surface and the aquifer were evaluated in the identified hydraulic stagnation areas (HSAs) using vertical electrical soundings (VESs). Finally, through an experimental process in which water collected from the San Pedro River flowed through a device filled with surface soil taken from the retention areas, the potential retention of pollutants by the local soil was evaluated based on toxicity tests using the monogonont rotifer Lecane papuana. The findings suggest the presence of three hydraulic stagnation areas (HSAs) in the examined section of the river, with one of them intersected by a surface discontinuity. According to the results of the VES, the water table beneath the HSA varies between 70 and 90 m in depth. Further analysis of the vertical electrical sounding (VES) results suggests the presence of vertical hydraulic connectivity between the San Pedro River and the local aquifer in the hydraulic stagnation areas (HSA). This is indicated by the identification of low-resistivity strata associated with highly saturated soil above the water table, as measured in the adjacent pumping wells. Additionally, the experiments involving the device filled with soil showed a reduction in water toxicity (ranging from 12 to 40%) as the San Pedro River water flowed through a 1 m column of local near-surface soil. The results of this experimental work suggest that the soil acts as a natural filter for contaminant transport under conditions in time and space similar to those of the experiment. However, there is still a significant research niche in conducting an experimental campaign in terms of hydrogeochemistry to obtain more specific results.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Study Area (Aguascalientes; Mexico)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding and Toxicity Tests for the Analysis of Vertical Hydraulic Connectivity through the Vadose Zone

Reyes-Cedeño,

Hernández-Marín,

Pacheco-Martínez

et al. 2024

Water

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“…Thus, two approaches to health security may be distinguished: while the World Health Organisation (WHO 2002b) uses a state-centred understanding of health security (Rodier/Kinkhauser 2009) that defines the global health agenda, the position of southern countries (Fischer/Salehin 2009) and also health specialists in the North (Leaning 2009) is more community-centred and also integrates bottom-up efforts. This second approach focuses on the interrelationship between human health and environmental services as important health providers (MA 2005) and expresses the crucial relationship between water and health security (Cortés/ Calderón 2011;Avelar et al 2011). Critics observe that in the dominant approach to health security and health policy, the state-centred position does not attribute sufficient attention and resources to the other six billion primarily poor people, who still lack access to affordable health care.…”

Section: Health Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On Health and Water Security

Spring

2020

Pioneers in Arts, Humanities, Science, Engineering, Practice

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Climate change is severely affecting the availability of water and its quality. 1 Therefore it represents a direct challenge to health. Not only the water-born, but also the vector and temperature-related diseases are challenging the existing health system and safe water supply. Thus, water and health security have progressively been challenged primarily by pollution, waste, toxins and climate-change-related hazards and disasters.This chapter links the changing understanding on socio-environmental deterioration with water and health security. Using a case study of Mexico, it reviews the effects on the environment and the human well-being of the dominant economic model based on wasteful fossil energy, social inequality, consumerism, fashion, and growth concentrated in small elites. This model has brought both the planet and society as a whole to its limits of survival, but it has also affected regions, cultures and social classes differently. Poor countries and vulnerable groups have become the main victims suffering from socio-economic and climate-induced changes. In Mexico, the epidemiology has been changing, and traditional illnesses (diarrhoea, pulmonary conditions, under-nourishment) coexist with modern ones linked to the transformation of the diet (diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer) and the pollution of water, air and soil (intoxication, respiratory, kidney and skin problems).At the conceptual level, in the framework of the PEISOR model this chapter explores the complex interaction between anthropogenic drivers, impacts of and policy responses to climate change, their interrelationship with the dominant 1 This text was adapted from two former published chapters by Oswald Spring, Úrsula (2012).

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“…Aguascalientes is a state located in North-Central Mexico (see Figure 1) with an average altitude of 1951 m above sea level. Several studies have reported fluoride concentrations in groundwater above the limit of 1.5 mg/L, established in the official Mexican guideline (NOM-127-SSA1-1994 [41]) in some aquifers in the state (see [40,[42][43][44][45]). In the early 2000s, dental fluorosis was identified as a critical public health problem in the state [42,43,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Fluorosis in Children from Aguascalientes, Mexico: A Persistent Public Health Problem

Dávila

2021

Water

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This paper estimates the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among participants in the first wave of The Aguascalientes Longitudinal Study of Child Development (EDNA). The analytical sample includes 1052 children in 100 public elementary schools. Dental fluorosis is determined using the Modified Dean’s Index. There is a 43% general dental fluorosis prevalence, and the estimated Community Fluorosis Index is 0.99. Five municipalities report average groundwater fluoride concentrations above the official Mexican guideline value of 1.5 mg/L. In those municipalities, there is a 50% average dental fluorosis prevalence. An ordered logistic regression analysis indicates that obesity in participants increases the likelihood of suffering more severe dental fluorosis symptoms compared with normal-weight participants (OR = 1.62, p < 0.05). Households consuming tap water are more likely to have children suffering more severe dental fluorosis symptoms (OR = 1.63, p < 0.05). Children aged 8 years are more likely to present more severe dental fluorosis symptoms than their peers aged 7 years (OR = 1.37, p < 0.05). Dental fluorosis will persist as a public health problem in Aguascalientes State unless appropriate technologies for fluoride removal from water are installed and operated.

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Water Quality in the State of Aguascalientes and its Effects on the Population’s Health

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding and Toxicity Tests for the Analysis of Vertical Hydraulic Connectivity through the Vadose Zone

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding and Toxicity Tests for the Analysis of Vertical Hydraulic Connectivity through the Vadose Zone

On Health and Water Security

Dental Fluorosis in Children from Aguascalientes, Mexico: A Persistent Public Health Problem

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