Water quality in conventional and home haemodialysis

Damasiewicz, Matthew J; Polkinghorne, Kevan R.; Kerr, Peter G.

doi:10.1038/nrneph.2012.241

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The presence of harmful and toxic substances in aqueous solution poses severe risks to human health and ecosystems. The purification of waste water is an urgent priority and a major research theme in environmental science (Shannon et al, 2008;Damasiewicz et al, 2012). As a promising technique for oxidation of pollutants, semiconductor-based photocatalysis, which uses solar energy to drive chemical reactions, has an important role in environmental remediation (Chen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel P-n Li2SnO3/g-C3N4 Heterojunction With Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Efficiency Toward Rhodamine B Degradation

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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The design of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts to utilize solar energy is a significant challenge in photocatalysis. In this work, a series of novel p-n heterojunction photocatalysts, Li 2 SnO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 , was successfully prepared via a facile calcining method, and exhibited superior photocatalytic activity toward the photodegradation of Rhodamine B solution under visible light irradiation as compared with pure Li 2 SnO 3 and g-C 3 N 4. The maximum kinetic rate constant of photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B within 60 min was 0.0302 min −1 , and the composites still retained excellent performance after four successive recycles. Chemical reactive species trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide ions (•O − 2) were the dominant active species in the photocatalytic oxidation of Rhodamine B solution, while holes (h +) only played a minor role. We demonstrated that the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity could be assigned to the formation of a p-n junction photocatalytic system, which benefitted the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers. This study provides a visible light-responsive heterojunction photocatalyst with potential applications in environmental remediation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel P-n Li2SnO3/g-C3N4 Heterojunction With Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Efficiency Toward Rhodamine B Degradation

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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“…As reported20, reducing the dialysate sodium level can lower blood pressure for older patients and women. Also, advances in dialysis membrane technology have refocused attention on water quality and its potential role in the bio-incompatibility of HD circuits and adverse patient outcomes21.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative strategy with potential to increase hemodialysis efficiency and safety

Chen

Lin

Chen

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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Uremic toxins are mainly represented by blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Crea) whose removal is critically important in hemodialysis (HD) for kidney disease. Patients undergoing HD have a complex illness, resulting from: inadequate removal of organic waste, dialysis-induced oxidative stress and membrane-induced inflammation. Here we report innovative breakthroughs for efficient and safe HD by using a plasmon-induced dialysate comprising Au nanoparticles (NPs)-treated (AuNT) water that is distinguishable from conventional deionized (DI) water. The diffusion coefficient of K3Fe(CN)6 in saline solution can be significantly increased from 2.76, to 4.62 × 10−6 cm s−1, by using AuNT water prepared under illumination by green light-emitting diodes (LED). In vitro HD experiments suggest that the treatment times for the removals of 70% BUN and Crea are reduced by 47 and 59%, respectively, using AuNT water instead of DI water in dialysate, while additionally suppressing NO release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cells.

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“…Standard reverse osmosis discharges more water than it actually produces for dialysis; the recovery ratio, i.e. the percentage of depurated water used for dialysis, can be over 80%, if the newer systems are employed; these are more expensive and the lifespan of the reverse osmosis membranes is often considerably shorter, especially when reverse osmosis is not coupled with a water softener system [9,19,27,31,[52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green nephrology and eco-dialysis: a position statement by the Italian Society of Nephrology

et al. 2020

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High-technology medicine saves lives and produces waste; this is the case of dialysis. The increasing amounts of waste products can be biologically dangerous in different ways: some represent a direct infectious or toxic danger for other living creatures (potentially contaminated or hazardous waste), while others are harmful for the planet (plastic and non-recycled waste). With the aim of increasing awareness, proposing joint actions and coordinating industrial and social interactions, the Italian Society of Nephrology is presenting this position statement on ways in which the environmental impact of caring for patients with kidney diseases can be reduced. Due to the particular relevance in waste management of dialysis, which produces up to 2 kg of potentially contaminated waste per session and about the same weight of potentially recyclable materials, together with technological waste (dialysis machines), and involves high water and electricity consumption, the position statement mainly focuses on dialysis management, identifying ten first affordable actions: (1) reducing the burden of dialysis (whenever possible adopting an intent to delay strategy, with wide use of incremental schedules); (2) limiting drugs and favouring "natural" medicine focussing on lifestyle and diet; (3) encouraging the reuse of "household" hospital material; (4) recycling paper and glass; (5) recycling non-contaminated plastic; (6) reducing water consumption; (7) reducing energy consumption; (8) introducing environmental-impact criteria in checklists for evaluating dialysis machines and supplies; (9) encouraging well-planned triage of contaminated and non-contaminated materials; (10) demanding planet-friendly approaches in the building of new facilities.

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Water quality in conventional and home haemodialysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 96 publications

Novel P-n Li2SnO3/g-C3N4 Heterojunction With Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Efficiency Toward Rhodamine B Degradation

Novel P-n Li2SnO3/g-C3N4 Heterojunction With Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Efficiency Toward Rhodamine B Degradation

Innovative strategy with potential to increase hemodialysis efficiency and safety

Green nephrology and eco-dialysis: a position statement by the Italian Society of Nephrology

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