Water quality assessment of alpine glacial blue water lakes and glacial-fed rivers

Khan, Mohsin; Ellahi, Asad; Niaz, Rizwan; Ghoneim, Mohamed E.; Eldin, Sayed M.; Rashid, Abdur

doi:10.1080/19475705.2022.2126800

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Groundwater contamination due to leachate percolation has been reported by several researchers in different parts of the world (Sankoh et al, 2022;Shakil et al, 2022). Similarly, groundwater contamination due to surface water has been reported by different researchers (Khan et al, 2022;Rashid et al, 2019b;Twumasi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Hydrogeochemical appraisal, groundwater quality, and health risks through potential toxic elements around municipal solid waste dumpsite Peshawar, Pakistan

Butt,

Khan,

Khattak

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study evaluates groundwater quality, and management tools in the vicinity of the Chowa-Gujjar dumpsite around Bara River, Peshawar, Pakistan. Therefore, groundwater samples (n = 30) were collected to investigate physicochemical and potential toxic elements (PTEs), to assess the distribution patterns and potential health risks. The findings of this study indicate that the dumpsite serves as the principal contributor for groundwater contaminants such as Mn, Co, Cu, Na, K, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Pb. Groundwater type shows mixed Ca-Mg-Cl2 and NaCl type representing reverse ion exchange and dissolution of evaporite minerals in the area. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) identified three clusters determining lowest pollution 33.3%, moderate pollution 43.3%, and severe pollution cluster accounting 13.4% contribution. Thus, cluster C3 showed potential vulnerability and caused health concerns in the residents. The principal component analysis (PCA) analysis indicated that groundwater contamination was attributed to geogenic, anthropogenic and mixed sources. But, PMF-model suggested five factors solutions to treat groundwater contamination I the study area. The fitting results of PMF-model was found better and accurate compared to PCA. Thus, PMF-model showed leaching of solid waste, industrial waste, geochemical processes, surface runoff, and agriculture practices to be major contamination sources. Groundwater quality indexing (GWQI) is used to assess groundwater quality and its suitability for domestic purposes. Here, GWQI reflected low pollution and medium risk for Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Ca in the groundwater. Here, human health risks showed that children are more susceptible to contamination than adults in the area. The results of this study help minimize groundwater contamination by employing sustainable water management tools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Hydrogeochemical appraisal, groundwater quality, and health risks through potential toxic elements around municipal solid waste dumpsite Peshawar, Pakistan

Butt,

Khan,

Khattak

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Meanwhile, GIS does provide possible solutions to environmental issues, such as water quality assessment and indexing. Interpolation methods in GIS enables to predict (z-values) or attributes at sampling stations at the point of location (x and y values) by using a Geostatistical Analysis Approach [11]. Within GIS software, interpolation methods such as Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Kriging and Spline are frequently used to estimate and forecast values when a variable is distributed over space or time.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Water Quality Assessment Through GIS based Interpolation Method: A Case Study of Beris Dam, Kedah, Malaysia

Md Isa,

Yusoff,

Abdul Rahman

2024

Trends Sci

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Preliminary research on physicochemical and water quality in the Beris dam shows that the water catchment area has the best standards and quality during the observation of the wet season and dry season mainly in the northern states of peninsular Malaysia. The analysis of water quality assessment using the DOE-WQI and Carlson Trophic State Index (CTSI) resulted that during the dry season (February), the average DOE-WQI reading is 88 or Class II; while during the wet season, the average DOE-WQI reading recorded 87.1 (October). Although the CTSI score was 34.2 - 27.0 during wet season and dry season, both seasons were classified as oligotrophic conditions. Some physicochemical parameters also show a high correlation between them and indicates minor water quality issues. The use of more efficient interpolation techniques in water quality studies also reinforces the evaluation of water quality. As a reference point for future water research, GIS interpolation application methods can be more effectively and efficiently used with Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Ordinary Kriging and Spline techniques. HIGHLIGHTS Investigation of physicochemical and water quality in lake water in Beris Dam Assessment by using water quality index by DOE-WQI and Carlson Trophic State Index (CTSI) to acknowledge water quality and trophic condition. Analyzing physicochemical data into mathematical method to compare between physicochemical data and correlate between them. Application of GIS based interpolation methods to analyze and referencing physicochemical data into spatial interpolation maps. Comparing appropriate spatial interpolation techniques to analyze physicochemical observation data and index. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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“…According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), every sixth person in the world faces a water shortage [14]. Globally, groundwater contamination by HMs has been considered the utmost serious environmental concern [15][16][17][18][19]. Particularly, groundwater contamination by Cr has enormous health impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality, Health Risk Assessment, and Source Distribution of Heavy Metals Contamination around Chromite Mines: Application of GIS, Sustainable Groundwater Management, Geostatistics, PCAMLR, and PMF Receptor Model

Rashid

Ayub

Ullah

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Groundwater contamination by heavy metals (HMs) released by weathering and mineral dissolution of granite, gneisses, ultramafic, and basaltic rock composition causes human health concerns worldwide. This paper evaluated the heavy metals (HMs) concentrations and physicochemical variables of groundwater around enriched chromite mines of Malakand, Pakistan, with particular emphasis on water quality, hydro-geochemistry, spatial distribution, geochemical speciation, and human health impacts. To better understand the groundwater hydrogeochemical profile and HMs enrichment, groundwater samples were collected from the mining region (n = 35), non-mining region (n = 20), and chromite mines water (n = 5) and then analyzed using ICPMS (Agilent 7500 ICPMS). The ranges of concentrations in the mining, non-mining, and chromite mines water were 0.02–4.5, 0.02–2.3, and 5.8–6.0 mg/L for CR, 0.4–3.8, 0.05–3.6, and 3.2–5.8 mg/L for Ni, and 0.05–0.8, 0.05–0.8, and 0.6–1.2 mg/L for Mn. Geochemical speciation of groundwater variables such as OH−, H+, Cr+2, Cr+3, Cr+6, Ni+2, Mn+2, and Mn+3 was assessed by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). Geochemical speciation determined the mobilization, reactivity, and toxicity of HMs in complex groundwater systems. Groundwater facies showed 45% CaHCO3, 30% NaHCO3, 23.4% NaCl, and 1.6% Ca-Mg-Cl water types. The noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of HMs outlined via hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard indices (THI) showed the following order: Ni > Cr > Mn. Thus, the HHRA model suggested that children are more vulnerable to HMs toxicity than adults. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) showed three distinct clusters, namely the least, moderately, and severely polluted clusters, which determined the severity of HMs contamination to be 66.67% overall. The PCAMLR and PMF receptor model suggested geogenic (minerals prospects), anthropogenic (industrial waste and chromite mining practices), and mixed (geogenic and anthropogenic) sources for groundwater contamination. The mineral phases of groundwater suggested saturation and undersaturation. Nemerow’s pollution index (NPI) values determined the unsuitability of groundwater for domestic purposes. The EC, turbidity, PO4−3, Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2, Cr, Ni, and Mn exceeded the guidelines suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). The HMs contamination and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health impacts of HMs showed that the groundwater is extremely unfit for drinking, agriculture, and domestic demands. Therefore, groundwater wells around the mining region need remedial measures. Thus, to overcome the enrichment of HMs in groundwater sources, sustainable management plans are needed to reduce health risks and ensure health safety.

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Water quality assessment of alpine glacial blue water lakes and glacial-fed rivers

Cited by 11 publications

References 67 publications

Hydrogeochemical appraisal, groundwater quality, and health risks through potential toxic elements around municipal solid waste dumpsite Peshawar, Pakistan

Hydrogeochemical appraisal, groundwater quality, and health risks through potential toxic elements around municipal solid waste dumpsite Peshawar, Pakistan

Lake Water Quality Assessment Through GIS based Interpolation Method: A Case Study of Beris Dam, Kedah, Malaysia

Groundwater Quality, Health Risk Assessment, and Source Distribution of Heavy Metals Contamination around Chromite Mines: Application of GIS, Sustainable Groundwater Management, Geostatistics, PCAMLR, and PMF Receptor Model

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