Water quality and hydrochemical assessments of thermal springs, Gandaki Province, Nepal

Chalise, Baburam; Paudyal, Prem; Kunwar, Binod; Bishwakarma, Kiran; Thapa, Bina; Pant, Ramesh Raj; Neupane, Bhanu

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17353

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The physicochemical characterization of thermal water (Z2) is shown in Table 2 . It was detected that the major cation was Ca 2+ ; however, by far, the most abundant component was SO 4 2− , which was found in concentrations approaching the highest values found in the consulted reports [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The EC values reported by the laboratory were slightly different (by 127 µS/cm) from those measured in situ by the field multiparameter sensor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The diversity of thermophiles has been studied in various locations worldwide [ 10 ], primarily in areas heated solely by solar radiation or in geothermal zones [ 15 ]. Hot springs, for instance, represent one of Earth’s extreme environments [ 16 ], associated with regions of senile or inactive volcanic activity [ 17 ], where temperature can be attributed to geothermal energy, exothermic chemical reactions, or radioactive decay [ 18 ]. Thus, geothermal systems provide habitats for thermophiles, and their physiological and morphological diversity may be crucial to evolution in geothermal reservoirs, while water-rock interactions may be an important factor [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physicochemical parameters, such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, ions, and heavy metals, can influence the quality of thermal water. For instance, elevated temperatures lead to an increased interaction with surrounding rocks and minerals [ 18 ]; thus, the chemistry of spring water is linked to its geological background [ 20 ]. In turn, in thermal environments, microbial diversity can be influenced by temperature, pH, and the chemical composition of water [ 16 , 19 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from a Hot Spring in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and Geochemical Analysis of the Thermal Water

Ortega-Villar,

Escalante,

Astudillo-Melgar

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Hot springs worldwide can be a source of extremophilic microorganisms of biotechnological interest. In this study, samplings of a hot spring in Hidalgo, Mexico, were conducted to isolate, identify, and characterize morphologically, biochemically, and molecularly those bacterial strains with potential industrial applications. In addition, a physicochemical and geochemical examination of the hot spring was conducted to fully understand the study region and its potential connection to the strains discovered. The hot spring was classified as sulfate-calcic according to the Piper Diagram; the hydrogeochemical analysis showed the possible interactions between minerals and water. Eighteen bacterial strains were isolated with optimal growth temperatures from 50 to 55 °C. All strains are Gram-positive, the majority having a rod shape, and one a round shape, and 17 produce endospores. Hydrolysis tests on cellulose, pectin, and xylan agar plates demonstrated enzymatic activity in some of the strains. Molecular identification through the 16S rDNA gene allowed classification of 17 strains within the Phylum Firmicutes and one within Deinococcus-Thermus. The bacterial strains were associated with the genera Anoxybacillus, Bacillus, Anerunibacillus, Paenibacillus, and Deinococcus, indicating a diversity of bacterial strains with potential industrial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from a Hot Spring in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and Geochemical Analysis of the Thermal Water

Ortega-Villar,

Escalante,

Astudillo-Melgar

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…Physiochemical parameters like pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, ions, and heavy metals affect thermal spring quality. Elevated temperatures accelerate interaction with minerals of the rocks, which may result in elevated levels of dissolved solids, minerals, and gases depending on the geology of the area [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to other water sources, the levels of electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), major anions and cations, and trace elements are higher. Warm water with a high mineral content and low dissolved oxygen supports therapeutic applications, including skin therapy, bone healing, soothing body aches, and gastrological diseases [2,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incipient Salinization: A Case Study of the Spring of Asclepieion in Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

Manoutsoglou,

Bei

2024

Geosciences

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Sanctuaries devoted to Asclepius were established and operated for almost a thousand years in various Greek and Roman cities throughout the Mediterranean region. The Asclepieion sanctuary in Lentas (formerly known as Ancient Lebena) in Crete was famous for receiving water from a sacred spring. In Ancient Lebena, Levinaion was a famous centre for hydrotherapy, physiotherapy, and a psychiatric hospital. In the present paper, we aim to assess the hydrochemical status of this sacred spring that holds a prominent position in archaeological and historical studies. The main objectives of this study are: Initially, to present supervisory evidence (archaeological, geological, hydrochemical) of an area that was a water resource management model for many centuries, carrying out therapeutic work. The second objective is to present and compare hydrochemical data in the last century, i.e., from 1915 to 2021. The third objective is to highlight and warn of an incipient saltwater intrusion in the area along the Lentas coast. The fourth objective is to propose an alternative and sustainable form of water resources management in the region that requires the study and rational utilization of the sporadic small water springs in the region. Our study focuses on a basic hydrochemical analysis of spring and borehole water in the remains of Levinaion in the Lentas region, and their comparison with sparse historical data of the sacred spring water, aiming to interpret the impact of the changes in the spring water resources that occurred in recent decades due to urban modernization. Our results highlight (i) visible fluctuations in chemical composition of borehole water samples; (ii) a neutral to alkaline pH in borehole waters and an alkaline pH in spring waters; (iii) undetectable arsenic in Lentas borehole water, unlike historical data of Lentas spring water; (iv) low values of dissolved radon in Lentas borehole water and the spring water of Kefalovrysa; and (v) a timeless constant and hypothermic nature of the water of both the sacred spring and borehole of Lentas, and also of the Kefalovrysa spring. The recorded historical data, i.e., from 1915 to 1957, due to the absence of substantial anthropogenic activity in the area, can be used as reference values (natural background levels, NBLs) for the Lentas area. Our findings emerge with the need to bring again the flowing spring water of the sacred spring of Lentas in its original form through sustainable management and re-discover its beneficial therapeutical effects.

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Hydro-chemical characteristics of Biring and Tangting Rivers (Nepal) and evaluation of water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes

Basnet,

Sitaula,

Bohara

et al. 2024

Environmental Research

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Water quality and hydrochemical assessments of thermal springs, Gandaki Province, Nepal

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from a Hot Spring in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and Geochemical Analysis of the Thermal Water

Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from a Hot Spring in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and Geochemical Analysis of the Thermal Water

Incipient Salinization: A Case Study of the Spring of Asclepieion in Lentas (Ancient Lebena), Crete

Hydro-chemical characteristics of Biring and Tangting Rivers (Nepal) and evaluation of water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes

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