Water quality and health risk assessment of trace elements in surface water at Punjnad Headworks, Punjab, Pakistan

Naz, Saima; Mansouri, Borhan; Chatha, Ahmad Manan Mustafa; Ullah, Qudrat; Abadeen, Zain Ul; Khan, Muhammad Zahoor; Khan, Adnan; Saeed, Saba; Bhat, Rayees Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20210-4

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The mean accumulation of various metals in different body organs of C. mrigala were in the order of Al > As > Ba > Pb. Naz et al [ 3 ] concluded similar trends for the contamination of these heavy metals in water and sediments at Panjnad. Hence, it can be inferred that the ability of fish to bio-accumulate heavy metals is directly influenced by the concentration of these metals in the water and sediment of the aquatic environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The CR represents the potential risk posed by heavy metal intake to cause cancer. The CR was calculated based on Equation (4) for fish consumers [ 3 , 30 ].

where SF C is the cancer risk slope factor (0.0085 and 1.5 (mg/kg per day) for Pb and As, respectively) [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significant presence of trace elements in riverine waters is a critical concern for environmental pollution and poses a risk to the health of animals and humans alike. For example, in the Panjnad River of Pakistan, concentrations of Al, As, and Pb were examined to be significantly higher than the upper limits for safe human consumption set by World Health Organization and US EPA [ 2 , 3 ]. In order to study the impact of human activities on this significant river of Pakistan, it is imperative to implement effective measures for prevention [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish have been widely used as biological indicators to determine the presence of high levels of heavy metals in the aquatic environment [ 18 ]. Due to their varying sizes, ages, and positions in the food chain, different species of fish have been utilized to study the correlation between metal concentrations in water and fish, both in laboratory and field study [ 3 , 4 , 19 ]. Furthermore, the acidic nature of the aquatic environment may also lead to the absorption of free divalent ions of various heavy metals by fish gills [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioaccumulation Pattern and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cirrhinus mrigala at Panjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Naz

Chatha

Danabaş

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Heavy metal accumulation in freshwater ecosystem has become one of the major aquatic environmental concerns for freshwater flora and fauna due to their higher stability and bioaccumulation as well as bio-magnification properties. Furthermore, passing through the food web, these heavy metals affect human populations ultimately. This study assessed the heavy metal accumulation in Cirrhinus mrigala in spring, autumn, and winter at different locations (I, II, and III) of Panjnad headwork. Furthermore, the human health risk assessment for the consumption of C. mrigala from the sampling locations was also carried out. Fish were collected from upper (I), middle (II), and lower (III) stream of Panjnad on a monthly basis. The current study evaluated the accumulation of Aluminum (Al), Arsenic (As), Barium (Ba), and Lead (Pb) in various fish organs (liver, kidney, gills, fins, skin, muscles and bones) and assessed their potential hazard to human health through health risk assessment indicators. The results demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.05) in heavy metal accumulation in different fish organs, seasons, and locations. The accumulation of Al, As, Ba, and Pb were considerably higher in liver and kidney as compared to the other body organs and followed a trend of liver > kidney > gills > fins > skin > bones > muscle and the overall mean concentrations of metals in different body tissues of C. mrigala were in the order of Al > As > Ba > Pb. The results also concluded that C. mrigala caught from the Panjnad headwork is not safe for human consumption due to higher values of TTHQIng (3.76), THQIng for Ba (3.27) and CRIng for As (6.4742).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The CR represents the potential risk posed by heavy metal intake to cause cancer. The CR was calculated based on Equation (4) for fish consumers [ 3 , 30 ].

where SF C is the cancer risk slope factor (0.0085 and 1.5 (mg/kg per day) for Pb and As, respectively) [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bioaccumulation Pattern and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cirrhinus mrigala at Panjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

Naz

Chatha

Danabaş

et al. 2023

Toxics

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“…Due to their extensive dispersion and notable tendency to accumulate in aquatic creatures, heavy metals play a key role in water contamination, which is primarily caused by human activities [2]. Keeping in view their negative effects on the environment, specifically the deposition and negative effects of metals on water bodies, fish, and ultimately human health, researchers have concentrated on water pollution [3][4][5]. The accumulation of excessive sediment in water poses a significant ecological threat as it can spread throughout the food chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of DNA Damage in Fish using Comet Assay

Chatha,

Naz,

Iqbal

et al. 2023

CTO

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Heavy metals have an enduring presence, risky characteristics, and the propensity to accumulate in the environment. This is why heavy metal toxics are widely acknowledged as harmful environmental pollutants. Heavy metals damage both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, posing a major risk to the environment and human health. Four freshwater fish species namely Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and Ctenopharyngodon idella were the focus of this investigation. This study investigated the potential genotoxic effects of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) on the above fish species through the application of comet assay test. The fish were exposed to these metals at four distinct concentrations (19%, 24%, 31%, and 50% of the LC50) over the course of 40 days. All four fish species were exposed to metals to varying degrees, according to the genetic damage index, cumulative tail length of comets, and the proportion of damaged cells. In contrast to Catla catla, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix had the highest prevalence of DNA damage. The current study suggests that the presence of these particular metals in Pakistan's aquatic ecosystems may have an adverse effect on the DNA of the country's fish species. Metals cause damage to DNA in fibroblast cells through distinct mechanisms when present in water, air, and soil. Comet assay test has a remarkable sensitivity that helps to identify extremely low amounts of DNA damage. Out of the four fish species, Ctenopharyngodon idella showed higher levels of damaged cells, a higher genetic damage index, and a cumulative comet tail length as compared to others. All four fish species experienced a significant increase in DNA damage, genetic damage index, and comet tail length at 50% concentration of metals LC50.

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