Water Pollution and Associated Effects from Street Salting

Field, Richard; Struzeski, E; Masters, Hugh; Tafuri, Anthony N.

doi:10.1061/jeegav.0000172

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Early studies of the region noted that the shallow dolomite aquifer in northeast Illinois has potential to be contaminated by surface activities, including deicing salts (Field et al, 1974; Walker, 1969). The natural background chloride concentrations in shallow groundwater in northeastern Illinois range from 5 to 15 mg/L (Panno et al, 2006), but chloride concentrations throughout northeastern Illinois have been increasing for decades (Kelly, 2008, 2020; Kelly et al, 2016; Ludwikowski & Peterson, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibrating a model to 30 years of data to capture the accumulation of chloride from winter deicers in a shallow aquifer

Cullen

Abrams

Mannix

et al. 2023

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Winter deicers are a major source of chloride contamination to shallow aquifers in northern latitudes. In the greater Chicago area of northeast Illinois, chloride has been accumulating for decades and in many places now exceeds the United States Environmental Protection Agency secondary standard of 250 mg/L. MODFLOW‐NWT and MT3D‐USGS were used to simulate the accumulation of chloride with 30 years of data in the shallow aquifer of Will County in northeast Illinois. This aquifer is composed of unconsolidated sediments, largely from glacial deposits, overlying a fractured dolomite bedrock. To calibrate to observed heads and chloride, the model needed refined geologic features, higher chloride concentrations on cells representing commercial or industrial lands, lower chloride concentrations on cells representing roads, and point source areas to speed chloride's emergence in the aquifer. These point sources are locally significant and could represent different anthropogenic or geologic features, such as municipal stormwater infrastructure. Future simulations indicate that chloride is not at steady state in the shallow aquifer and wells are at risk of exceeding the secondary standard if winter deicing applications are not reduced. It may take decades for the full impacts of reduced deicing rates to be observed in wells, owing to the long residence time of water in the aquifer. This transient model calibration was possible because of the 30‐year dataset collected by communities and government agencies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibrating a model to 30 years of data to capture the accumulation of chloride from winter deicers in a shallow aquifer

Cullen

Abrams

Mannix

et al. 2023

J American Water Resour Assoc

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“…Deicing salts that are employed on highways and roads often con tain chlorine because of their costeffectiveness; the main salts used are sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride (14,15). Cyanide compounds and Pb are used as anticaking coatings on granular deicing salts to ensure the distribution of these salts as discrete granular material on roads all over the world (16,17). In addition, the use of deicing agents for road maintenance promotes a high dispersion and leaching of organic matter in roadside soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic-Related Heavy Metal Contamination in Urban Areas and Correlation with Traffic Activity in China

Wang

et al. 2016

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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In this study, a detailed investigation was conducted to collect the concentrations of heavy metals—including cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc—from five geographic areas to reflect the different land use and traffic conditions in Zhaoyuan, China. Analytical results of heavy metal concentrations showed that the mean and median values of these elements in soils were clearly higher than the corresponding background values, indicating pollution from the urban area. To generate a continuous surface from the collected discrete samples, Kriging interpolation was introduced to determine the spatial distribution patterns of heavy metal contamination. As a major source of urban heavy metal contamination, the traffic area was carefully analyzed. Interelemental relationships showed that most heavy metals in the traffic area had similar anthropogenic origins. In addition, the research team explored the relationships between heavy metals and traffic characteristics. The results indicated that heavy metal concentrations in roadside soils not only decreased with rising altitude and increasing distance from the trunk and branch roads on both sides but also could be affected by traffic volume. Finally, three evaluation methods—including the geoaccumulation index, the pollution index, and the improved pollution index—were introduced to assess heavy metal contamination levels fully in the traffic area. The pollution index evaluation method produced results indicating more severe levels of contamination than the other two evaluation methods.

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“…Snowmelt runoff has been found to contain elevated levels of solids and pollutants, sometimes several orders higher in magnitude than runoff from rain events (6)(7)(8). When traction sand is applied, concentrations of suspended solids in snowmelt runoff have been found to be two to five times higher than in rain runoff (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of other pollutants have also been found to be higher in snowmelt runoff. These higher pollutant concentrations may be due to the freeze-thaw cycles, which have been shown to further elevate the concentration of pollutants (6,16 ). But as in any runoff from highway systems, snowmelt runoff is contaminated with solids and pollutants (nutrients, metals, organics) from a variety of sources including vehicle emissions and wear, atmospheric deposition, roadway deterioration, landscaping products, litter, snow management agents, and soil erosion of adjacent areas (6,7,17,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Snowmelt Runoff from Highways in the Tahoe Basin and Treatment Investigations for Improving Runoff Quality

Kayhanian

Regenmorter

Tsay

2004

Transportation Research Record

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To reduce the current trend of decreasing water clarity of Lake Tahoe, the California Regional Water Control Board's Lahontan Region imposed numeric discharge limits for five pollutants (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total iron, turbidity, and oil and grease) for both surface water and infiltration discharges in the Tahoe basin. To assess its compliance with these discharge limits, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) monitored six representative sites for snowmelt and other storm water runoff from summer 2000 through spring 2003. In addition, Caltrans has investigated several existing double-barrel sand traps for their effectiveness in removing pollutants and complying with the Tahoe basin discharge limits. The results obtained to date indicate that ( a) concentrations of pollutants found in the snowmelt runoff are higher than the specified storm water discharge limits; ( b) double-barrel sand traps were capable of capturing sand and sediment, but the capture was not complete; ( c) particles that range from 100 to 2,000 μm represented the highest proportion, but no correlation was found between particles and chemical concentrations; and ( d) sand traps did provide modest improvement in runoff quality, but this improvement was insufficient to meet Tahoe basin discharge limits, and hence additional treatment was found to be needed to bring the effluent water quality into compliance.

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Water Pollution and Associated Effects from Street Salting

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Calibrating a model to 30 years of data to capture the accumulation of chloride from winter deicers in a shallow aquifer

Calibrating a model to 30 years of data to capture the accumulation of chloride from winter deicers in a shallow aquifer

Traffic-Related Heavy Metal Contamination in Urban Areas and Correlation with Traffic Activity in China

Characteristics of Snowmelt Runoff from Highways in the Tahoe Basin and Treatment Investigations for Improving Runoff Quality

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