Water pollutants and nanosensors

Mustafa, Ghulam; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Asif, Muhammad Ibrar; Ullah, Asmat; Khan, Imran; Ullah, Ikram

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821141-0.00018-5

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 81 publications

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“…Studies indicate that nanomembranes and filters based on CNTs, nano-porous ceramics, magnetic NPs, and other NMs can effectively remediate water pollution through nanofiltration [79]. Biochemical nanosensors can detect tiny organic pollutants and toxins, while carbon nanotube nanocomposites can serve as efficient gas adsorbents for environmental remediation [80]. Moreover, solar energy storage and conversion systems based on NMs address the issues of low efficiency and high costs associated with traditional solar cells [81,82].…”

Section: Applications Of Nanomaterials In Various Industriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in Medicine: Understanding Cellular Uptake, Localization, and Retention for Enhanced Disease Diagnosis and Therapy

Peng,

Yang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Aging and disease

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Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as promising tools for disease diagnosis and therapy due to their unique physicochemical properties. To maximize the effectiveness and design of NMs-based medical applications, it is essential to comprehend the complex mechanisms of cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and cellular retention. This review illuminates the various pathways that NMs take to get from the extracellular environment to certain intracellular compartments by investigating the various mechanisms that underlie their interaction with cells. The cellular uptake of NMs involves complex interactions with cell membranes, encompassing endocytosis, phagocytosis, and other active transport mechanisms. Unique uptake patterns across cell types highlight the necessity for customized NMs designs. After internalization, NMs move through a variety of intracellular routes that affect where they are located subcellularly. Understanding these pathways is pivotal for enhancing the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and imaging probes. Furthermore, the cellular retention of NMs plays a critical role in sustained therapeutic efficacy and long-term imaging capabilities. Factors influencing cellular retention include nanoparticle size, surface chemistry, and the cellular microenvironment. Strategies for prolonging cellular retention are discussed, including surface modifications and encapsulation techniques. In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing cellular uptake, subcellular localization, and cellular retention of NMs is essential for advancing their application in disease diagnosis and therapy. This review provides insights into the intricate interplay between NMs and biological systems, offering a foundation for the rational design of next-generation nanomedicines.

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