Water permeability vs. porosity in samples of Roman mortars

Farci, Alessio; Floris, Davide; Meloni, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2004.08.002

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The small pore size confirms that mortars are less permeable to water (Farci et al . ). Some samples of mortar layers A (GNU75 and GNU76) and C (GNU59, GNU61, GNU63 and GNU81) show a bimodal distribution of pores, with a large intrusion peak in the range from 0.15 to 1 µm and a small intrusion peak from 10 to 30 µm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wall Paintings from the Roman Emona (Ljubljana, Slovenia): Characterization of Mortar Layers and Pigments

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study concerns the investigation of mortar layers and pigments of wall paintings from the Roman town of Emona (Ljubljana, Slovenia). Fragments of wall paintings consist of up to three preserved mortar layers. The mineralogical–petrographic compositions of the mortars were determined by means of optical microscopy and FT–IR spectroscopy. The investigated samples were divided into several groups based on similar thicknesses of the mortar layer, the binder colour and the composition of an aggregate. Furthermore, the results of mercury intrusion porosimetry showed that mortar layers consisting of carbonate grains exhibited lower porosity with respect to layers with mainly silicate grains, which is attributed to the angular shapes of carbonate aggregate. This is in accordance with the drilling resistance measurement system test (DRMS), confirming that layers with angular carbonate grains are harder than those with addition of rounded silicate ones, due to the good packing effect. The wall paintings were mainly executed using the fresco technique, while for some details secco was used. The identified pigments were red and yellow ochre, green earth, Egyptian blue, carbon black and lime white; all of them belonged to the so‐called austere pigment, which is quite common in Roman wall paintings.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The pore systems of the selected mortar samples were investigated by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) (Lanas and Alvarez 2003;Farci et al 2005). Small representative fragments, approximately 1 cm 3 in size, were dried in an oven for 24 h at 105°C, and then analysed using Micromeritics® Autopore IV 9500 equipment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wall Paintings from the Roman Emona (Ljubljana, Slovenia): Characterization of Mortar Layers and Pigments

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hydraulic compounds also result in a less soluble material with the ability to set under water, although the specific properties also depend on the type of pozzolanic aggregate employed (Gibbons, 2003), the milling degree of the raw materials, which considerably increases their reactivity (Miriello et al, In press), and the fine grain size of the raw materials, which results in a lower porosity (Farci et al, 2005).…”

Section: Lime Production and The Manufacture Of Lime Plastersmentioning

confidence: 98%

The use of volcanic materials for the manufacture of pozzolanic plasters in the Maya lowlands: a preliminary report

Villaseñor¹,

Graham²

2010

Journal of Archaeological Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In order to evaluate the permeability, we have applied the Carman-Kozeny equation (Carman 1937;Francis and Dulline 1975;Haynes 1986), which allows for the computation of the permeability from the relationship (Farci et al 2005): Fig. 10 Classification of the facing masonry sandstones in the Deere-Miller (1966) strength-modulus (deformability) diagram, with modified boundaries of strength and deformability according to Přikryl and Š t'astná (2010).…”

Section: Materials Within the Repaired Parts Of The Facing Masonry Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the building materials studied, with unpredictable pore geometry, the k 0 value is set as 5 (Farci et al 2005). From the broad range of the pores measurable by MIP, we have only taken into account those of diameters greater than 50 nm (i.e., macropores and coarse pores, following the IUPAC 1976 terminology), which according to Darcy's law allow water flow through them.…”

Section: Materials Within the Repaired Parts Of The Facing Masonry Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mechanical properties of the repaired sandstone ashlars in the facing masonry of the Charles Bridge in Prague (Czech Republic) and an analytical study for the causes of its rapid decay

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The facing masonry of the Gothic Charles Bridge in Prague (Czech Republic) has been largely altered during nineteenth and twentieth century repairs, due to extensive replacements of weathered sandstone ashlar blocks. Natural stone varieties used during these replacements show different responses to a variety of weathering processes which lead to their rapid decay. The decay of the newer stone has been accelerated by use of Portland cement paste as the binding and fill material, instead of the original hydraulic lime-based and cocciopesto-type mortars. The hardened Portland cement paste makes an almost impermeable barrier, with permeability three to four orders of magnitude lower, compared to the original mortars and natural stone. The low permeability of this new alien material results in the accumulation of water-soluble salts (specifically nitrates, but also sulphates and chlorides) in the facing masonry ashlars, with their crystallisation coming in the form of both sub-and efflorescence, as well as the development of various decay forms (blistering, granular disintegration and/or scaling and flaking). The source of the water-soluble salts can be traced back to previous restoration attempts. These included chemical cleaning (black crust removal) by nitric acid, ammonium hydroxide ('ammonium water'), or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, all which can be linked to high nitrate content in the efflorescence.

show abstract

Water permeability vs. porosity in samples of Roman mortars

Cited by 30 publications

References 4 publications

Wall Paintings from the Roman Emona (Ljubljana, Slovenia): Characterization of Mortar Layers and Pigments

Wall Paintings from the Roman Emona (Ljubljana, Slovenia): Characterization of Mortar Layers and Pigments

The use of volcanic materials for the manufacture of pozzolanic plasters in the Maya lowlands: a preliminary report

Physical and mechanical properties of the repaired sandstone ashlars in the facing masonry of the Charles Bridge in Prague (Czech Republic) and an analytical study for the causes of its rapid decay

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About