Water movement and isoproturon behaviour in a drained heavy clay soil: 1. Preferential flow processes

Haria, Atul H.; Johnson, Andrew C.; Bell, J.P.; Batchelor, Charles

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(94)90140-6

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, soil horizon interface can alter water flow direction and pattern (e.g., Kung, 1990Kung, , 1993Ju and Kung, 1993;Gish et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2006). Several studies have reported water accumulation and subsequent lateral preferential flow above a high clay content and low hydraulic conductivity B horizon (called argillic horizon) (e.g., Haria et al, 1994;Perillo et al, 1999;Heppell et al, 2000). Slowly-permeable fragipans in many soils have been recognized to develop seasonal perched water table and thus trigger lateral preferential flow (e.g., Palkovics and Peterson, 1977;McDaniel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and validation of concentrated subsurface lateral flow paths in an agricultural landscape

Zhu

Lin

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The importance of soil water flow paths to the transport of nutrients and contaminants has long been recognized. However, effective means of detecting concentrated subsurface flow paths in a large landscape are still lacking. The flow direction and accumulation algorithm based on single-direction flow algorithm (D8) in GIS hydrologic modeling is a cost-effective way to simulate potential concentrated flow paths over a large area once relevant data are collected. This study tested the D8 algorithm for simulating concentrated lateral flow paths at three interfaces in soil profiles in a 19.5-ha agricultural landscape in central Pennsylvania, USA. These interfaces were (1) the interface between surface plowed layers of Ap1 and Ap2 horizons, (2) the interface with subsoil water-restricting clay layer where clay content increased to over 40%, and (3) the soil-bedrock interface. The simulated flow paths were validated through soil hydrologic monitoring, geophysical surveys, and observable soil morphological features. The results confirmed that concentrated subsurface lateral flow occurred at the interfaces with the clay layer and the underlying bedrock. At these two interfaces, the soils on the simulated flow paths were closer to saturation and showed more temporally unstable moisture dynamics than those off the simulated flow paths. Apparent electrical conductivity in the soil on the simulated flow paths was elevated and temporally unstable as compared to those outside the simulated paths. The soil cores collected from the simulated flow paths showed significantly higher Mn content at these interfaces than those away from the simulated paths. These results suggest that (1) the D8 algorithm is useful in simulating possible concentrated subsurface latCorrespondence to: H. S. Lin (henrylin@psu.edu) eral flow paths if used with appropriate threshold value of contributing area and sufficiently detailed digital elevation model (DEM); (2) repeated electromagnetic surveys can reflect the temporal change of soil water storage and thus is a useful indicator of possible subsurface flow path over a large area; and (3) observable Mn distribution in soil profiles can be used as a simple indicator of water flow paths in soils and over the landscape; however, it does require sufficient soil sampling (by excavation or augering) to possibly infer landscape-scale subsurface flow paths. In areas where subsurface interface topography varies similarly with surface topography, surface DEM can be used to simulate potential subsurface lateral flow path reasonably so the cost associated with obtaining depth to subsurface water-restricting layer can be minimized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and validation of concentrated subsurface lateral flow paths in an agricultural landscape

Zhu

Lin

2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Measurements provide highresolution temporal data which is required to gain conceptual understanding of the soil hydrological processes around a crop. Similar instrumentation was used by Haria et al (1994) to provide an understanding of sub-surface soil water processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of soil-water distribution under ridge and bed cultivated potatoes

Robinson

1999

Agricultural Water Management

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Data is presented comparing infiltration of irrigation and rain water to potato crops planted in ridges and beds in East Anglia, UK. An automatic soil water station (ASWS) was used to monitor soil water content and potential in the two cultivation systems. The ASWS data indicated that most of the water bypassed the potatoes planted in ridges as irrigation water applied to the crop from a boom irrigator was shed off the ridges infiltrating in the furrows. This was due to the water repellent nature of the sandy soil and meant that the irrigation water bypassed the potatoes. A soil water deficit built up in the core of the ridge as the crop grew and was not replenished by irrigations. A second early potato crop planted in beds was more successful at capturing water as the flat bed increased water infiltration around the crop. This has major implications for cultivation practice, scab control and crop water management. Instruments measuring soil water potential, content, temperature and rainfall were connected to a data logger powered by a solar panel and proved a successful way of monitoring infiltration. Hourly data was collected so that a high temporal resolution data set could be constructed in order to increase conceptual understanding of hydrological processes at a scale appropriate to the crop. #

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“…Under these conditions by-pass ow is the dominant mechanism for water and pesticide movement to the drainage system can lead to high concentrations in receiving streams. 10,11 To make farming, and in particular the growing of winter cereals, viable on these soils, the installation of a drainage system with mole drains is advised. At least 18% of the soils, in agricultural use in England and Wales are in this category (Beard GR, pers comm).…”

Section: Soil Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiating between physical and chemical constraints on pesticide and water movement into and out of soil aggregates

1999

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A laboratory experiment comparing the movement of 3 H 2 O and [14 C]isoproturon into and release from soil aggregates is described. Small aggregates (2.0±2.4 mm) were prepared from a clay topsoil and maintained at three different initial moisture conditions. A small volume of the radioisotope solution was introduced prior to bathing the aggregates in a 2 mM CaCl 2 solution to represent new rainwater. Whilst the 3 H 2 O was imbibed by the air-dry aggregates, the pesticide did not follow the water but remained on the surface of the aggregates. This may be related to its sorptive properties and an excess of sorption sites on the sorbent with respect to the sorbate. Increasing the length of exposure of the moist aggregates to [14 C]isoproturon reduced the initial release of the compound into the bathing solution, probably due to diffusion (retarded by sorption) into the aggregates. The diffusion model described by Crank and a non-equilibrium desorption model were used to analyse the 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon release curves. This showed that the release of 3 H 2 O from the dry aggregates was controlled by diffusion. The release of isoproturon was probably controlled by non-equilibrium sorption/desorption from air-dry aggregates and by a combination of non-equilibrium sorption/ desorption and diffusion from wet aggregates.

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Water movement and isoproturon behaviour in a drained heavy clay soil: 1. Preferential flow processes

Cited by 54 publications

References 15 publications

Simulation and validation of concentrated subsurface lateral flow paths in an agricultural landscape

Simulation and validation of concentrated subsurface lateral flow paths in an agricultural landscape

A comparison of soil-water distribution under ridge and bed cultivated potatoes

Differentiating between physical and chemical constraints on pesticide and water movement into and out of soil aggregates

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