Water maze performance and changes in serum corticosterone levels in zinc-deprived and pair-fed rats

Chu, Ye; Mouat, Michael F.; Harris, Ruth B. S.; Coffield, Julie A.; Grider, Arthur

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00041-6

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Further, Williams et al (2003) demonstrated that there is a decrease of CORT level after MWM testing induced by neonatal MA treatment only in male, but not female rats, which is in agreement with our present results. Moreover, it is possible that the CORT levels in MA/S, S/AMP and MA/AMP females is increased chronically and might be responsible for the impairing effects on spatial memory, while in S/S females we see only acute CORT increase induced by swimming in the MWM (Chu et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Amphetamine on Adult Male and Female Rats Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The aim of the present study was to examine the cross-sensitization induced by prenatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure to adult amphetamine (AMP) treatment in male and female rats. Rat mothers received a daily injection of MA (5 mg/kg) or saline throughout the gestation period. Adult male and female offspring (prenatally MA-or saline-exposed) were administered with AMP (5 mg/kg) or saline (1 ml/kg) in adulthood. Behaviour in unknown environment was examined in open field test (Laboras), active drug-seeking behaviour in conditioned place preference test (CPP), spatial memory in the Morris water maze (MWM), and levels of corticosterone (CORT) were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Our data demonstrate that in Laboras test, AMP treatment in adulthood increased general locomotion (time and distance travelled) regardless of the prenatal exposure and sex, while AMP increased exploratory activity (rearing) only in prenatally MA-exposed animals. AMP induced sensitization only in male rats, but not in females when tested drug-seeking behaviour in the CPP test. In the spatial memory MWM test, AMP worsened the performance only in Prague Medical Report / Vol. 115 (2014) No. 1-2, p. 43-59 females, but not in males. On the other hand, males swam faster after chronic AMP treatment regardless of the prenatal drug exposure. EIA analysis of CORT levels demonstrated higher level in females in all measurement settings. In males, prenatal MA exposure and chronic adult AMP treatment decreased CORT levels. Thus, our data demonstrated that adult AMP treatment affects behaviour of adult rats, their spatial memory and stress response in sex-specific manner. The effect is also influenced by prenatal drug exposure. 44)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effect of Amphetamine on Adult Male and Female Rats Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

et al. 2014

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“…It seems that chronic psychosocial stress increases corticosterone during the initial period of food deprivation and inequality, and then hormonal levels decrease due to feedback regulation. Hence, chronic food deprivation suppresses a stressinduced rise in catabolic hormones like corticosterone, and saves energy expenditure, i.e., it is possible that reductions in corticosterone reflect reductions in dietary cholesterol [29,43]. However, in this study, the higher levels of corticosterone in the animals that only experienced unstable social stress reveal that these animals did not align themselves with this kind of stress, because the increased level of corticosterone did not represent a negative feedback mechanism and actually remained higher due to chronic stress resumption [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressed Immune Responses and Accelerated Splenic Apoptosis due to Experience of Food Deprivation and Inequality but not Unstable Social Status in Balb/c Mice

Aghajani

Mahdavi²,

Najafabadi³

et al. 2017

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Objective(s): We aimed to show that the immune system is sensitive to the detrimental effects of inequality and social injustice, and splenic vulnerability to apoptosis may also increase. Methods: In order of better determination of immune responses to chronic social stress, we implemented food deprivation, food intake inequality, and unstable social status (a change of cage-mate every 3 days) for a period of 14 days in 60 male Balb/c mice. At the end of this stress period, nitric oxide (NO) production by peritoneal adherent cells and the serum concentration of corticosterone were measured. Moreover, the viability of peritoneal adherent cells and spleen lymphocytes was evaluated by MTT assay. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was done to reveal the TUNEL-reactive apoptotic bodies in the spleen. Results: Our results showed that food deprivation and inequality caused significant changes in the apoptosis of splenic cells in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the vital activities of lymphocytes and peritoneal adherent cells, as well as NO production by the latter, increased significantly (p < 0.05). However, the experience of unstable social status did not cause a further increase in the viability of lymphocytes and peritoneal adherent cells, or NO production in animals that were food-deprived or experienced inequality. Serum concentration of corticosterone in all experimental groups, except for animals that experienced unstable social status only, significantly decreased versus the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that poverty and social inequality, but not unstable social status, affect immune responses and are likely involved in the induction of splenic apoptosis in mice.

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“…The concentration of zinc in the diets of both groups was determined with an atomic absorption analysis. Because the anorexic eating patterns of the ZDD group were not synchronized, one-toone pair feeding was conducted in the experiments ( 22 ). Care was taken to avoid zinc contamination by housing the rats in stainless steel wire-mesh cages, and by providing food in stainless-steel feeders and distilled water in plastic bottles with stainless-steel sipper tubes ( 23 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc-Deficiency Induced Changes in the Distribution of Rat White Blood Cells

Someya

Tanihata

Sato

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Zinc is known to play an important role for immune-functions. However, the effects of zinc-deficiency on the immune response system from the point of view of the distribution changes of the number of total white blood cells (WBCs) are still primarily unknown. Therefore, the effects of zinc-deficiency on the number of total WBCs, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte and lymphocytes (T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte and NK cell) were studied in rats. The weaned male rats were randomly divided into the zinc deficient diet (ZDD: 0.7 mg zinc/kg diet) group and the control diet (CON: 34.8 mg zinc/kg diet) group, and were pair-fed for 4 wk. The number of lymphocyte subsets, visceral organ weights, serum zinc, corticosterone and IL-6 concentrations were also determined. Zinc-deficiency increased duration-dependently the number of total white blood cells, granulocytes (neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil) and monocytes in 2-4 wk without changing the number of lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes or NK cells. The relative weights of thymus and adrenals were 0.63 times ( p Ͻ 0.01) lower and 1.60 times ( p Ͻ 0.001) higher in ZDD group than in CON group, respectively. Zinc-deficiency increased serum corticosterone concentration to 1.48 times ( p Ͻ 0.05) without changing serum IL-6 concentration, as compared with those of CON group. From these results, zinc-deficiency increases markedly the number of granulocytes and monocytes without changing the number of lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes or NK cells. These results also suggest that zinc-deficiency induces stress responses and the responses may have in part participated in increased actions of the number of granulocytes and monocytes during zinc-deficiency, and induce thymus atrophy and adrenal hypertrophy.

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Water maze performance and changes in serum corticosterone levels in zinc-deprived and pair-fed rats

Cited by 43 publications

References 73 publications

Effect of Amphetamine on Adult Male and Female Rats Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

Effect of Amphetamine on Adult Male and Female Rats Prenatally Exposed to Methamphetamine

Depressed Immune Responses and Accelerated Splenic Apoptosis due to Experience of Food Deprivation and Inequality but not Unstable Social Status in Balb/c Mice

Zinc-Deficiency Induced Changes in the Distribution of Rat White Blood Cells

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