Water mass dynamics shape Ross Sea protist communities in mesopelagic and bathypelagic layers

Zoccarato, Luca; Pallavicini, Alberto; Cerino, Federica; Umani, Serena Fonda; Celussi, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2016.10.003

Cited by 30 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…have distinct morphological features and it is unlikely that they were misidentified through microscopy. On the other hand, ciliates related to the Oligohymenophorea class were the most abundant in the sequencing dataset especially in deep waters, as found in other studies (Zoccarato et al, 2016; Zhao et al, 2017). They may have been overlooked in the microscope as their pelagic stage is usually a dormant cyst like form, which is difficult to identify.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Microzooplankton distribution in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (Antarctica) during an extensivePhaeocystis antarcticabloom

Swalethorp

Dinasquet

Logares

et al. 2018

Preprint

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1 In Antarctica, summer is a time of extreme environmental shifts resulting in large coastal 2 phytoplankton blooms fueling the food web. Despite the importance of the microbial loop in 3 remineralizing biomass from primary production, studies of how microzooplankton communities 4 respond to such blooms in the Southern Ocean are rather scarce. Microzooplankton (ciliates and 5 dinoflagellates) communities were investigated combining microscopy and 18S rRNA sequencing 6 analyses in the Amundsen Sea Polynya during an extensive summer bloom of Phaeocystis antarctica.7

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Microzooplankton distribution in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (Antarctica) during an extensivePhaeocystis antarcticabloom

Swalethorp

Dinasquet

Logares

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Ciliate sequences did not present evident enrichment patterns in sinking or suspended particles ≥ 10 μ m, suggesting that their detection reflected their cell sizes (generally > 40 μ m) and/or their attachment to both particle fractions > 100 μ m. These predators likely act in the top‐down controls of bacterial prey populations associated with suspended and sinking particles (Caron et al ). Nonetheless, sequences affiliated with Tintinnida and Litostomatea at P2 were slightly more abundant in SK10 than other particle fractions, both of which have previously been detected in various mesopelagic sites (e.g., Grattepanche et al ; Zoccarato et al ; Dolan et al ). Furthermore, sequences belonging to OLIGO5 ( Oligohymenophorea ) and Discotrichidae ( Nassophorea ) were slightly more abundant in SS0.22 at most stations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…SS0.22, suspended particles 0.22-10 μm; SS10, suspended particles 10-100 μm; SS100, suspended particles ≥ 100 μm; (SS100), SK10, sinking particles ≥ 10 μm. Relative abundance (%) (Poulton et al 2010;Rodríguez-Marconi et al 2015;Zoccarato et al 2016). In particular, Actinocyclus (Coscinodiscophyceae) and Chaetoceros (Mediophyceae) have frequently been detected in polar waters naturally enriched in iron (Georges et al 2014;Rembauville et al 2016).…”

Section: Hydrographic Settings and Community Structure Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eukaryotic influence on the oceanic biological carbon pump in the Scotia Sea as revealed by 18S rRNA gene sequencing of suspended and sinking particles

Duret

Lampitt

Lam

2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Suspended marine particles constitute most of the particulate organic matter pool in the oceans, thereby providing substantial substrates for heterotrophs, especially in the mesopelagic. Conversely, sinking particles are major contributors to carbon fluxes defining the strength of the biological carbon pump (BCP). This study is the first to investigate the differential influence of eukaryotic communities to suspended and sinking particles, using 18S rRNA gene sequencing on particles collected with a marine snow catcher in the mixed layer and upper mesopelagic of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean. In the upper mesopelagic, most eukaryotic phytoplankton sequences belonged to chain‐forming diatoms in sinking particles and to prymnesiophytes in suspended particles. This suggests that diatom‐enriched particles are more efficient in carbon transfer to the upper mesopelagic than those enriched in prymnesiophytes in the Scotia Sea, the latter more easily disintegrating into suspended particles. In the upper mesopelagic, copepods appeared most influential on sinking particles whereas soft‐tissue metazoan sequences contributed more to suspended particles. Heterotrophic protists and fungi communities were distinct between mixed layer and upper mesopelagic, implying that few protists ride along sinking particles. Furthermore, differences between predatory flagellates and radiolarians between suspended and sinking particles implied different ecological conditions between the two particles pools, and roles in the BCP. Molecular analyses of sinking and suspended particles constitute powerful diagnostic tools to study the eukaryotic influence on the BCP in a more holistic manner compared to classic carbon export studies focusing on sinking particles.

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“…() in Antarctic waters, the Antarctic Ross Sea (Zoccarato et al. ) to the Sargasso Sea (Not et al. ), the North Atlantic (Grattepanche et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic surveys have also included a variety of mesopelagic sites ranging from the pioneering work of L opez-Garc ıa et al (2001) in Antarctic waters, the Antarctic Ross Sea (Zoccarato et al 2016) to the Sargasso Sea , the North Atlantic (Grattepanche et al 2016), the Eastern Tropical Pacific (Duret et al 2015), Norwegian Sea deep water coral reefs (Jensen et al 2012), submarine canyons of the N.W. Mediterranean Sea (Celussi et al 2018), the South China Sea , and the West Pacific (Zhao et al 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Past President's Address: Protists of the Mesopelagic and a Bit on the Long Path to the Deep Sea

Dolan

Ciobanu

Coppola

2019

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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The deep sea has long been a mysterious and attractive habitat for protistologists. However, logistical difficulties severely limit sampling opportunities. Consequently, our knowledge of the protists in the deep sea, (arguably the largest habitat on earth), is relatively sparse. Here, we present a unique time‐series concerning three different protist taxa that share only the characteristics of being relatively large, robust to sampling, and easily identifiable to species level using light microscopy: tintinnid ciliates, phaeogromid cercozoans (e.g. Challengerids) and amphisolenid dinoflagellates. We sampled a near‐shore deep water site in the N.W. Mediterranean Sea at 250 m depth over a 2‐yr period at approximately weekly intervals from January 2017 to December 2018. To our knowledge, no previous studies have employed sampling on a similar time scale. We found taxa that appear to be restricted to deep waters, distinct seasonal patterns of abundance in some taxa, and in others nonseasonal successional patterns. Based on data from sampling following a flash flood event, the Challengerid population appeared to respond positively to a pulse of terrigenous input. Some of the distinct mesopelagic tintinnid ciliates and amphisolinid dinoflagellates were also found in two samples from the North Atlantic mesopelagic gathered from near the Azores Islands in September 2018. We conclude that there are a variety of protist taxa endemic to the mesopelagic, that the populations are dynamic, and they may be widely distributed in the deep waters of the world ocean.

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Water mass dynamics shape Ross Sea protist communities in mesopelagic and bathypelagic layers

Cited by 30 publications

References 62 publications

Microzooplankton distribution in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (Antarctica) during an extensivePhaeocystis antarcticabloom

Microzooplankton distribution in the Amundsen Sea Polynya (Antarctica) during an extensivePhaeocystis antarcticabloom

Eukaryotic influence on the oceanic biological carbon pump in the Scotia Sea as revealed by 18S rRNA gene sequencing of suspended and sinking particles

Past President's Address: Protists of the Mesopelagic and a Bit on the Long Path to the Deep Sea

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