Water Management, Rainwater Harvesting and Predictive Variables in Rural Households

Baguma, David; Loiskandl, Willibald; Jung, Helmut

doi:10.1007/s11269-010-9609-9

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The main cause for the decrease in the pH values was a significant increase of acidic components and decrease of soil-oriented components in the rainwater. Ariyananda (2005) opined that the pH values in the cement tanks decrease during the wet season and increase during the dry season. She investigated the pH values of rainwater in different countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh

Islam

Chou

Kabir

et al. 2010

Water Resour Manage

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Although Bangladesh receives plenty of rainwater during its monsoon, both rural and urban areas suffer from shortages of safe drinking water during dry season. Arsenic contamination of ground water affects many rural areas, whilst some urban areas including the capital, Dhaka City, lack sufficient potable ground water to meet the demand. To cope with the problem, this research explore: the feasibility of harvesting rainwater during monsoon as a source of quality safe drinking water in Dhaka City. A questionnaire survey was conducted about potable water shortage in four slums of Dhaka City. Rainwater was collected using a non-toxic waterproof cloth as a catchment during monsoon and stored in a ferro-cement storage tank with an initial flushing device attached at the inlet of the tank. Different important physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters were tested throughout the storage period of 4 months. The efficiency of the rainwater harvesting system increased from 51% to 80% before and after installing the system. The test results were compared with the Bangladesh water quality standards. The tests have revealed slightly higher pH value (8.1 to 8.3) and enormity of color beyond the acceptable range. Although 3988 M.M. Islam et al.the presence of total coliform was detected after three months, traditional filtering of that stored rainwater showed a promising solution to mitigate potable water shortages in Bangladesh.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh

Islam

Chou

Kabir

et al. 2010

Water Resour Manage

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“…The research subjects include: (1) evaluating the potential for potable water savings by using rainwater in residential sectors [5,6]; (2) estimating nonpotable household potential, sustainability and performance of storage type of RWHS [7][8][9] and investigating the potential benefits from sharing RWHS with nearby neighbors with a storage-reliability-yield analysis (Seo et al, 2015 [10]) using rainfall data; and (3) establishing the probabilistic relationships between storage capacities and deficit rates of RWHS [11] and that of between the efficiency of rural domestic rainwater management and tank size, tank operation and maintenance, respectively [12]. However, these studies seldom consider the surface and sewer physical flowing phenomenon after rainwater partially intercepted by RWHS and partially flowing to ground and urban drainage system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Spatial Design of Capacity and Quantity of Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Urban Flood Mitigation

Huang

Hsu

Wei

et al. 2015

Water

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This study adopts rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS) into a stormwater runoff management model (SWMM) for the spatial design of capacities and quantities of rain barrel for urban flood mitigation. A simulation-optimization model is proposed for effectively identifying the optimal design. First of all, we particularly classified the characteristic zonal subregions for spatial design by using fuzzy C-means clustering with the investigated data of urban roof, land use and drainage system. In the simulation method, a series of regular spatial arrangements specification are designed by using statistical quartiles analysis for rooftop area and rainfall frequency analysis; accordingly, the corresponding reduced flooding circumstances can be simulated by SWMM. Moreover, the most effective solution for the simulation method is identified from the calculated net benefit, which is equivalent to the subtraction of the facility cost from the decreased inundation loss. It serves as the initially identified solution for the optimization model. In the optimization method, backpropagation neural network (BPNN) are first applied for developing a water level simulation model of urban drainage systems to substitute for SWMM to conform to newly considered interdisciplinary multi-objective optimization model, and a tabu search-based algorithm is used with the embedded BPNN-based SWMM to optimize the planning solution. The developed method is applied to the Zhong-He District, Taiwan. Results demonstrate that the application of tabu search and the BPNN-based simulation model into OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 5174 the optimization model can effectively, accurately and fast search optimal design considering economic net benefit. Furthermore, the optimized spatial rain barrel design could reduce 72% of inundation losses according to the simulated flood events.

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“…In these small-scale and decentralized rooftop RWH systems, rainwater is collected from roofs and stored in cisterns to be used afterward thus providing an alternative water resource (Baguma et al 2010). RWH offers benefits such as; it promotes self-sufficiency and encourages water and energy conservation (Retamal and Turner 2010).…”

Section: Rwh As Small Decentralized Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of climate variability/extreme in arid environment of the Arabian peninsula by rainwater harvesting and management

Amin

Alazba

Elnesr

2012

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Water management in Saudi Arabia is facing major challenges due to the limited water resources and increasing uncertainties caused by climate change. The rainfall and temperature records of the Saudi meteorological data for more than three decades were analyzed for policy suggestions in water sectors based on the changing rainfall patterns. The trends in the annual aridity and rain indices were also examined to define the changing climate conditions and for determining the dry months in different cities of the Kingdom. An increased annual and maximum rainfall was observed for six cities while a decreasing trend in both annual and maximum rainfall was observed for the same number of cities highlighting the variability of rainfall in the whole region. An increasing maximum rainfall with decreasing annual rainfall was observed for the rest of the cities signifying the more extreme rainfall evens and resulting floods of short durations. The changing rainfall trends were also observed for different months during 31 years of the recorded period in addition to the varying climate pattern for different cities within the same district. Finally, these preliminary assessments of any systematic changes in view of the increased rain intensities and extreme climate events are viewed to demonstrate the value rainwater harvesting and management as a local adaptation to the climate variability and extreme in the Kingdom.

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Water Management, Rainwater Harvesting and Predictive Variables in Rural Households

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh

Rainwater: A Potential Alternative Source for Scarce Safe Drinking and Arsenic Contaminated Water in Bangladesh

Optimal Spatial Design of Capacity and Quantity of Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Urban Flood Mitigation

Adaptation of climate variability/extreme in arid environment of the Arabian peninsula by rainwater harvesting and management

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