Water Management for Sustainable Irrigation Systems Using Internet-of-Things

Abstract

This paper introduces a new way of managing water in irrigation systems, which can be applied to gardens or agricultural fields, replacing human intervention with Wireless Sensor Networks. A typical irrigation system wastes on average 30% of the water used, due to poor management and configuration. This sustainable irrigation system allows a better efficiency in the process of irrigation that can lead to savings for the end user, not only monetary but also in natural resources, such as water and energy, leading to a more sustainable environment. The system can retrieve real time data and use them to determinate the correct amount of water to be used in a garden. With this solution, it is possible to save up to 34% of water when using sensor data from temperature, humidity and soil moisture, or up to 26% when using only temperature inputs. Besides a detailed system architecture, this paper includes a real case scenario implementation and results discussion.

Development of Soil Moisture Monitoring by using IoT and UAV-SC for Smart Farming Application

“…Smart&Green was used to preprocess soil moisture data with outlier removal criteria and techniques of Zscore, MZscore, GESD, and Chauvenet to provide a more precise irrigation water needed in irrigation management. While the propose of IoT for the water management interestingly was presented in [21], WSN, LoRa, and ESP32 modules were used. The system retrieved realtime data and used them to determine the correct amount of water to be used in a garden.…”

“…The system retrieved realtime data and used them to determine the correct amount of water to be used in a garden. With this solution [21], it was possible to save up to 34 % of water with sensor data from temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, or up to 26 % with only temperature inputs. At present, the application of IoT in smart farming is rapidly emerging.…”

Irrigation control system‐data gathering in WSN using IOT

“…Using IoT, a water management system was presented by Gloria et al 25 for a sustainable irrigation process. In the process of irrigation, this sustainable system permits superior effectiveness that can lead to savings for the end user, not only in economic but also in natural resources like energy and water.…”

A Survey on Devices Exploiting Lora Communication

“…In [16] a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that manages the water irrigation of a garden placed in a city has been developed. Authors claim that up to 30% of water has been saved with this system.…”

“…Albeit from Tab. 2 it would seem that modules from Microchip [25], [26], [27] have better performances than the Semtech ones, it is important to underline that papers [14], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21] did not investigate maximum reach, but they only focused on feasibility of LoRa communication in specific applications. Due to the attenuation, devices working in the 915 MHz frequency range needed more power than same devices working in the 868 MHz frequency range, in order to obtain similar performances.…”