Water management and crop production for food security in China: A review

Khan, Shahbaz; Hanjra, Munir A.; Mu, Jingli

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2008.09.022

Cited by 245 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, the combined use of agricultural land for eco-tourism also ensures the long-term retention of such land for agriculture in a rapidly growing city . Such foresight into urban agriculture in China began over 20 years ago when the Chinese government introduced policies aimed at increasing agricultural production by households (Fan et al 2004), resulting in some alleviation of extreme poverty (Khan et al 2009), although the poor are now mainly located in rural China and not in urban areas (Fan et al 2004). …”

Section: Urban Agriculture and Asia's Urban Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

Give peas a chance? Urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Hamilton

Burry

Mok

et al. 2013

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

163

142

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International audienceUrban agriculture is receiving increasing attention throughout the developing world, but debate rages as to whether it is a blessing or a curse. Some see it as savior for the poor, providing food, and livelihoods, yet to others it is responsible for harboring and vectoring pathogenic diseases and is an archaic practice that has no place along the path toward development. Consequently, the activity receives a mixed reception, and despite much support in many instances, it certainly does not enjoy universal unimpeded progress. Here, we undertake a global tour of urban agriculture throughout the developing world in an attempt to elucidate the various benefits, costs, and hindrances associated with the practice. Through this analysis we identify the need for better understanding of the following six aspects if urban agriculture is to make a meaningful contribution to food security and sustenance of livelihoods in the future: (1) the global and regional extent of urban agriculture; (2) the contribution of urban agriculture to communicable diseases, especially malaria but also diarrheal disease; (3) the role that urban agriculture does and/or could play in abating both malnutrition and obesity; (4) the impacts of urban agriculture on women; (5) appropriate methods of achieving governance and institutional support; and (6) the risks posed by chemical pollutants, particularly as Africa becomes increasingly industrialized. Overlaying these, we suggest that the time is ripe to extend the debate about urban agriculture’s positive and negative environmental impacts—especially in relation to carbon emissions—from primarily a developed world concern to the developing world, particularly since it is the developing world where population growth and consequent resource use is increasing most rapidly

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Section: Urban Agriculture and Asia's Urban Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

Give peas a chance? Urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Hamilton

Burry

Mok

et al. 2013

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

163

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…SC3 and SC7), which implicitly represent the effects of an increase in animal production, focus should, however, also be directed at non-point sources related to agricultural land use to ensure high-intensity food production with low environmental impact. This is highly relevant considering the expected increase in population growth and living standards, the global shifts in markets prices (Chen et al 2008;Khan et al 2009) and climate change (Tao et al 2009). (Table 6) and point source contributions with changing total point source loading (POINT) and nutrient reductions through fish ponds (REDUC).…”

Section: Management Options For Improving Reservoir Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the country, lakes and reservoirs are important sources of drinking water and supply more than 90% of the total water withdrawal in certain areas (FAO 2011). Rapid development of the Chinese population and economy has led to a progressively deteriorating quality of surface waters and water supply (Gleick et al 2009), which can largely be attributed to growing food demands and a consequent intensification of land use and management (expanding and intensifying agricultural practices, forestry and urbanisation) (Ju et al 2004;Khan et al 2009) as well as increased point source loading (Yan et al 2011). Since the implementation of rural economic reforms in the late 1970s (Lin 1992), the concept of agricultural practices has changed in China from self-sustaining units with a high degree of nutrient recycling between livestock and crop to current practices with an increasing use of industrial fertilizers in the production (Chen et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing ways to combat eutrophication in a Chinese drinking water reservoir using SWAT

Nielsen

Trolle

et al. 2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Abstract. Across China, nutrient losses associated with agricultural production and domestic sewage have triggered eutrophication, and local managers are challenged to comply with drinking water quality requirements. Evidently, the improvement of water quality should be targeted holistically and encompass both point sources and surface activities within the watershed of a reservoir. We expanded the ordinary Soil Water Assessment Tool -(SWAT) with a widely used empirical equation to estimate total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in lakes and reservoirs. Subsequently, we examined the effects of changes in land and livestock management and sewage treatment on nutrient export and derived consequences for water quality in the Chinese subtropical Kaiping (Dashahe) drinking water reservoir (supplying 0.4 million people). The critical load of TP was estimated to 13.5 tonnes yr À1 in order to comply with the minimum drinking water requirements, which corresponds to 87% of the simulated load to the reservoir at present. Both the implementation of buffer zones along rivers and removal of sewage discharges showed marked improvement in reservoir water quality. Future research should focus on both hydrological model performance and nutrient transport pathways, which are challenged by a complex artificially altered water infrastructure in the form of ditches, channels and ponds in monsooninfluenced subtropical watersheds.

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“…Also, only about 5 percent of Nigerian farmers have access to modern seeds, while the nation uses 13 kilogram (Kg) of fertilizer per hectare, as against the global average of 100Kg per hectare or 400Kg per hectare in China [42]. National farm yield has also dropped to an all time low of one tonne per hectare as against the global average of five tonnes; while the storage system has practically broken down to the chagrin of the toiling farmers and the nation"s economy [16].…”

Section: Section 4 -Constraints To Nigeria's Agricultural Growth and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversing Nigeria’s Food Import Dependency - Agricultural Transformation

Onuka

2017

Agricultural Development

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Nigeria currently imports foods for domestic consumption of her citizens. This is puzzling because a greater percentage of her population is engaged in agriculture. This is despite the apparent neglect of agriculture since crude oil was discovered in commercial quantities in the early 1970s. Before the discovery of oil in exportable quantities, the country depended largely for her foreign exchange earnings on agricultural exports and the various regions in the country were quite active in agricultural production. The Northern region was noted for the groundnut pyramids that dotted the various parts of the region; the Western region for cocoa and the Eastern region were renowned for palm plantations. This success story was not sustained with the discovery of oil, as agriculture was abandoned and neglected by successive governments in the country. However, the decline in crude oil revenue since 2014 has once again exposed the vulnerability of Nigeria"s dependence on crude oil as a major earner of foreign exchange. Consequently, Nigeria is finding it difficult to pay for its food import bills and there is hunger in the land. Using exploratory technique with anecdotal evidence, this study highlighted the dangers of relegating agriculture in Nigeria and placed analytical spotlight on agricultural transformation as a solution for reversing the country"s food import dependency.

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Water management and crop production for food security in China: A review

Cited by 245 publications

References 93 publications

Give peas a chance? Urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Give peas a chance? Urban agriculture in developing countries. A review

Assessing ways to combat eutrophication in a Chinese drinking water reservoir using SWAT

Reversing Nigeria’s Food Import Dependency - Agricultural Transformation

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