Water induced thermal decomposition of pyrotechnic mixtures – Thermo kinetics and explosion pathway

Pakkirisamy, Sridhar Vethathiri; Surianarayanan, M.; Paramashivan, Sivapirakasam Suthangathan; Baran, Mandal Asit

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2014.03.005

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…These phenomena can also be divided into thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Thermodynamic aging means the reduction of the reaction heat in an explosion, resulting from a decrease in the energy level of reactants due to pre-chemical reactions among the components 17 or due to external factors. On the other hand, kinetic aging leads to a decreased combustion rate and increased activation energy upon the formation of products because of side products and impurities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Aging Mechanism of Boron Potassium Nitrate (BKNO3) for Sustainable Efficiency in Pyrotechnic Mechanical Devices

Lee

Kim

Ryu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The aging of propellants in PMDs is considered to be one of the primary factors affecting the performance of PMDs. Thus, studies on the aging mechanism of propellants, which have not yet been addressed extensively, pose a solution to securing the sustainable operation of PMDs. We characterized one of the most commonly used commercial propellants (boron potassium nitrate (BKNO3)) and investigated its aging mechanism rigorously. Based on thermal analyses, we demonstrate that the decomposition of laminac, a polymer binder, is the fastest spontaneous reaction. However, it will not self-initiate at a storage temperature as high as 120 °C. The effect of the humidity level was examined by characterizing BKNO3 samples prepared. The heat of reaction and the reaction rate decreased by 18% and 67% over 16 weeks of aging, respectively. This is attributed to the oxide shells on the surface of boron particles. The formation of oxide shells could be confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy. In conclusion, surface oxide formation with the aging of BKNO3 will decrease its propulsive efficiency; oxidation reduces the potential energy of the system and the resulting oxide decreases the reaction rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Aging Mechanism of Boron Potassium Nitrate (BKNO3) for Sustainable Efficiency in Pyrotechnic Mechanical Devices

Lee

Kim

Ryu

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Prevention of Self Decomposition in Pyrotechnic Wet Mixtures by Replacing Aluminium with Boron

Prakash¹,

Arumugachamy²,

Jeyasubramanian³

2022

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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In fireworks industries, water-added mixtures like tip mixtures, and aerial star pellet coatings are susceptible to self-decomposition because aluminium readily reacts with water that is used with them. While adding water to the tip mixture, the aluminium undergoes hydration and forms an oxide. It also liberates heat and hydrogen gas, which leads to an explosion. Similarly, the star pellets coated with aluminium also had the same problem. To avoid the hazard due to self-decomposition, partial replacement of aluminium powder helps in the reduction of workplace accidents/injuries. Recently, researchers used boron as a substituent for aluminium in dry mixtures such as flash powder composition. In this work, the use of aluminium in the wet mixtures is gradually replaced with boron. The thermal analysis and the decomposition tests were conducted for the boron-blended wet mixtures. The performance characteristics of boron-blended tip mixtures and star pellets were evaluated to determine the optimum level of replacement to sustain the quality with improved safety.

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Thermal stability evaluation of multiple tubes of fireworks by calorimetry approaches

Lin

Chen

Shu

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Water induced thermal decomposition of pyrotechnic mixtures – Thermo kinetics and explosion pathway

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Study on the Aging Mechanism of Boron Potassium Nitrate (BKNO3) for Sustainable Efficiency in Pyrotechnic Mechanical Devices

Study on the Aging Mechanism of Boron Potassium Nitrate (BKNO3) for Sustainable Efficiency in Pyrotechnic Mechanical Devices

Prevention of Self Decomposition in Pyrotechnic Wet Mixtures by Replacing Aluminium with Boron

Thermal stability evaluation of multiple tubes of fireworks by calorimetry approaches

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