Water Gas Shift and<scp>COS</scp>Removal

Hinrichsen, Olaf; Kochloefl, Karl

doi:10.1002/9783527610044.hetcat0147

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…It can be coupled at the exit of a reforming unit to obtain a high purity hydrogen stream which can be used to feed fuel cells [1]. Metal/ceria systems have been proved to offer excellent performance for the low temperature stage of WGS [2], Pt/ceria being the most promising catalyst in terms of activity and selectivity [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter effect of sodium in graphene-supported Ni and Ni–CeO2 catalyst for the low-temperature WGS reaction

Dongil

Pastor‐Pérez

Sepúlveda-Escribano

et al. 2015

Applied Catalysis A: General

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Graphical abstract Highlights-Graphene-supported Ni and Ni-CeO 2 catalysts have been studied.-Metal dispersion depends on the presence of ceria and on the precipitating agent, NaOH or urea.-The graphene support strongly interacts with the ceria promoter.-The presence of sodium increases the catalytic activity, mainly in the presence of ceria. AbstractThe low temperature water-gas shift (WGS) reaction has been studied over NiCeO 2 /Graphene and Ni/Graphene. The catalysts were prepared with 5 wt% Ni and 20 wt% CeO 2 loadings, by deposition-precipitation employing sodium hydroxide and urea as precipitating agents. The materials were characterized by TEM, powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, H 2 -temperature-programmed reduction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization and the reaction results indicated that the interaction between the active species and the support is higher than with activated carbon, and this hinders the reducibility of ceria and thus the catalytic performance. On the other hand, the presence of residual sodium in samples prepared by precipitation with NaOH facilitated the reduction of ceria. The catalytic activity was highly improved in the presence of sodium, what can be explained on the basis of an associative reaction mechanism which is favored over Ni-O-Na entities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter effect of sodium in graphene-supported Ni and Ni–CeO2 catalyst for the low-temperature WGS reaction

Dongil

Pastor‐Pérez

Sepúlveda-Escribano

et al. 2015

Applied Catalysis A: General

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“…Because of the exothermicity of this reaction, the exit gas temperature is around 400e450 C and the conversion is incomplete. The CO content in the exit gas is around 3 vol%, which is close to equilibrium (Hinrichsen, Kochloefl, & Muhler, 2008).…”

Section: Wgs Reactionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Cu-Zn or Cu-Zn-Al catalysts are used and the CO content of the exit gas is about 0.05e0.5 vol%, corresponding to 95e99% conversion. The temperature rises progressively through the converter and should not exceed 260 C. The maximum H 2 S concentration in the inlet gas of a low-temperature shift reactor should not exceed 0.5 ppm (Hinrichsen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Wgs Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production by steam reforming of natural gas and other nonrenewable feedstocks

García

2015

Compendium of Hydrogen Energy

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“…The WGS reaction has a long historical application, and today, it is already a well-established industrial process for generation of hydrogen and additional increase of its concentration in the gas mixtures obtained by processes utilizing coal, petroleum, or biomass sources. Several reviews have discussed developments and recent advances in WGS catalysis (Hinrichsen et al, 2008; Ratnasamy and Wagner, 2009; Deshpande and Madras, 2013). Reddy and Smirniotis (2015) outlined the importance of the WGS reaction and its application for hydrogen production in a comprehensive book.…”

Section: General Overview Of the Literature On Gold-catalyzed Wgs Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Design of Gold-Based Catalysts for H2 Clean-Up Reactions

Tabakova

2019

Front. Chem.

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Over the past three decades, supported gold nanoparticles have demonstrated outstanding properties and continue to attract the interest of the scientific community. Several books and comprehensive reviews as well as numerous papers cover a variety of fundamental and applied aspects specific to gold-based catalyst synthesis, characterization by different techniques, relationship among catalyst support features, electronic and structural properties of gold particles, and catalytic activity, reaction mechanism, and theoretical modeling. Among the Au-catalyzed reactions targeting environmental protection and sustainable energy applications, particular attention is paid to pure hydrogen production. The increasing demands for high-purity hydrogen for fuel cell systems caused a renewed interest in the water–gas shift reaction. This well-known industrial process provides an attractive way for hydrogen generation and additional increase of its concentration in the gas mixtures obtained by processes utilizing coal, petroleum, or biomass resources. An effective step for further elimination of CO traces from the reformate stream after water–gas shift unit is the preferential CO oxidation. Developing highly active, stable, and selective catalysts for these two reactions is of primary importance for efficient upgrading of hydrogen purity in fuel cell applications. This review aims to extend the existing knowledge and understanding of the properties of gold-based catalysts for H 2 clean-up reactions. In particular, new approaches and strategies for design of high-performing and cost-effective formulations are addressed. Emphasis is placed on efforts to explore appropriate and economically viable supports with complex composition prepared by various synthesis procedures. Relevance of ceria application as a support for new-generation WGS catalysts is pointed out. The role of the nature of support in catalyst behavior and specifically the existence of an active gold–support interface is highlighted. Long-term stability and tolerance toward start-up/shutdown cycling are discussed. Very recent advances in catalyst design are described focusing on structured catalysts and microchannel reactors. The latest mechanistic aspects of the water–gas shift reaction and preferential CO oxidation over gold-based catalysts from density functional theory calculations are noted because of their essential role in discovering novel highly efficient catalysts.

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Water Gas Shift andCOSRemoval

Abstract: The sections in this article are Introduction Thermodynamics High‐Temperature Shift ( HTS ) Fe  Cr Catalysts Kinetics and Mechanism Industrial Realization … Show more

Cited by 23 publications

References 102 publications

Promoter effect of sodium in graphene-supported Ni and Ni–CeO2 catalyst for the low-temperature WGS reaction

Promoter effect of sodium in graphene-supported Ni and Ni–CeO2 catalyst for the low-temperature WGS reaction

Hydrogen production by steam reforming of natural gas and other nonrenewable feedstocks

Recent Advances in Design of Gold-Based Catalysts for H2 Clean-Up Reactions

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