Water for forests to restore environmental services and alleviate poverty in Vietnam: A farm modeling approach to analyze alternative PES programs

Jourdain, Damien; Boere, Esther; Berg, Matthijs van den; Dang, Quang Dinh; Cu, Thanh Phuc; Affholder, François; Pandey, Sushil

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.06.024

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Ecosystem services form the basis for policy and decisionmaking [29,30] for sustainable development of the environment and the economy, demonstrated in the trade-off analysis [31,32]. There is significant interest in (water tower, biodiversity and leisure) tourism in mountain areas [33][34][35]. A pattern of service function and management mode was developed based on the evaluation of ecosystem services in mountain areas, which was a critical theoretical base for sustainable development in mountain areas.…”

Section: Ecosystem Service Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Services Management Based on Differentiation and Regionalization along Vertical Gradient in Taihang Mountain, China

Gao

Liu

et al. 2018

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The regulation and management of ecosystem services are fundamental for sustainable development in mountain areas. Although no obvious vertical band spectrum exists in Taihang Mountain region, vertical differentiation of ecological characteristics in the region is obvious. The ecosystem characteristics of vertical differentiation were analyzed using 4 typical ecological indices (land use, temperature, net primary productivity, and water yield). The ecosystem service functional pattern was determined based on analysis of the ecosystem services value per unit area. The 2 ecosystem critical zones of vertical differentiation (500-600 m and 1400-1500 m) were determined. The mountain area was divided into 3 ecological zones-sub-alpine zone (>1500 m), mid-mountain zone (600-1400 m) and hilly zone (<500 m). The ecosystem services functional pattern was as follows: provisioning services was the main ecosystem services function in the hilly zone, 4 ecosystem service functions were equally important in the mid-mountain zone, regulating, supporting and cultural services were the main ecosystem service functions in the sub-alpine zone. The model of ecosystem service regulation and management in 3 ecological zones was built based on the functional patterns to promote sustainable development.

show abstract

Section: Ecosystem Service Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Services Management Based on Differentiation and Regionalization along Vertical Gradient in Taihang Mountain, China

Gao

Liu

et al. 2018

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In these scenarios Fisher et al [17] argued that there must be a strong focus on maintaining ecosystem services use to ensure both human and ecological community sustainability. Successful examples of this approach include alien plant clearing programmes in South Africa [18,19], protected areas in Madagascar which aim to alleviate poverty, improve natural resource sustainability as well as conservation [20], forest restoration in Vietnam [21], and conventional (monocropped) versus traditional (three species intercropped) farming methodology in Costa Rica [22].…”

Section: Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What evidence is available on the drivers of grassland ecosystem stability across a range of outcome measurements: a systematic map protocol

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Recently there has been considerable focus on the ecosystem services concept which has resulted in important advancements in biodiversity conservation across land management scales. Many have, however, cautioned against the ecosystem services approach because of its focus only on certain aspects of the ecosystem which may be unsustainable in the long term. This has encouraged calls for deeper study into ecosystem functioning using an holistic ecosystem multifunctionality framework. Here greater biodiversity is thought to facilitate greater functioning leading to more sustainable ecosystems. Although ecosystem multifunctionality is a relatively recent development, the general premise is based on the hypothesis that diversity begets stability. However, several key review syntheses have consistently called for ecosystem stability driver-outcome relationship studies to extend beyond traditional measurements. Understanding these relationships requires holistic approaches which are often challenging to investigate experimentally due to resource constraints. Systematically mapping out the relationships between various stability drivers and outcomes could provide a more empirical basis on which both the ecosystem multifunctionality and services land management frameworks could be based. This work outlines the protocol for the first systematic map which will identify and catalogue diversity-stability related studies within the grassland biome. The outcomes of this study will produce a searchable database of the body of literature relevant to the debate and suggest future research directions in both empirical and applied ecology fields. Methods: Relevant studies will be sourced from online databases. Inclusion criteria will be applied to the returned articles to identify studies relevant to the primary question; what evidence is available on the drivers of grassland ecosystem stability across a range of outcome measurements. These inclusion criteria will be based on (1) subject population-the grassland biome; (2) possible ecosystem stability drivers and comparators (i.e. measures of diversity, functioning, food web connectedness, and disturbances); and (3) stability outcomes considering all measures of ecosystem stability (i.e. coefficients of variation, changes in ecosystem functionality, resistance to disturbances and invasions, return rates following disturbance). Studies will be screened for relevance and included articles will be critically appraised for meta-analysis and systematic review potential. A narrative synthesis, together with a searchable and expandable database, will be compiled to catalogue the relevant studies. Descriptive summary statistics and bibliometric network analyses will also be presented.

show abstract

“…Indeed, household-level opportunity costs and insecure land tenure often are cited as responsible for the limited success of the PFES program and other conservation efforts in some areas of Vietnam and other countries (Wunder 2008;Affholder et al 2010, McElwee 2012Jourdain et al 2014). Agriculture is the primary source of income in rural areas of Vietnam, and many households in upland areas have experience in crop production for subsistence or for sale in nearby markets (Jourdain et al 2009).…”

Section: Many Small Holdings and Low Payment Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household opportunity costs of protecting and developing forest lands in Son La and Hoa Binh Provinces, Vietnam

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vietnam has pilot-tested a payment for forest environmental services (PFES) program in an effort to restore and protect forest areas, some of which have been severely degraded by the excessive cutting of trees by small-scale farmers planting annual crops on steep, sloping lands. The pilot program implemented in southern Vietnam seems to be successful, yet the program in northern Vietnam has not produced the desired rates of planting and maintaining forest areas. The reasons for these mixed results include differences in socio-economic characteristics and also the production and marketing opportunities available to rural households in the project areas. To gain insight regarding program participation, we examine the household-level opportunity costs of planting and maintaining small Household opportunity costs of protecting and developing forest lands 903 plots of forest trees in northern Vietnam. We find that small-scale farmers in Hoa Binh Province, with limited financial resources, prefer the annual revenue stream provided by crops such as maize and cassava, rather than waiting for 7 years to obtain revenue from a forest planting. Farmers in Son La Province, with limited access to markets, prefer annual crops because they are not able to sell bamboo shoots and other forest products harvested from their small plots. In both provinces, the payments offered for planting and maintaining forest trees are smaller than the opportunity costs of planting and harvesting annual crops. Thus, most households likely would choose not to participate in the PFES program, at current payment rates, if given the opportunity to decline.Keywords: Bamboo, cassava, feasibility, maize, payment rate, PES, PFES, smallholders Acknowledgement: We appreciate the helpful comments of two reviewers, who encouraged us to clarify the discussion and enhance our empirical analysis. We appreciate also the financial support provided by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany, through the project, "Opportunities for economic incentives to promote sustainable land and water management on the sloping lands of South and Southeast Asia."

show abstract

Water for forests to restore environmental services and alleviate poverty in Vietnam: A farm modeling approach to analyze alternative PES programs

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Ecosystem Services Management Based on Differentiation and Regionalization along Vertical Gradient in Taihang Mountain, China

Ecosystem Services Management Based on Differentiation and Regionalization along Vertical Gradient in Taihang Mountain, China

What evidence is available on the drivers of grassland ecosystem stability across a range of outcome measurements: a systematic map protocol

Household opportunity costs of protecting and developing forest lands in Son La and Hoa Binh Provinces, Vietnam

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About